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1、专题7：名词性从句一、概念在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等,因此可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。主要考查语序问题、连接词选用、时态的呼应等Whowillwinthematchisstillunknown.Iwanttoknowwhathehastoldyou.Thefactisthatwehavelostthegame.Thenewsthatwewonthegameisexciting.2.引导名词性从句
2、的连接词可分为三类:从属连词：that,whether,if 不充当从句的任何成分连接代词:what,whatever,who,whoever,whom,whose,which,whichever.（作主、宾、表、补）连接副词:when, where, how, why,however,wherever（状）主语从句的用法一、主语从句在复合句中作主语,它可以位于句首,但常见的主语从句多放在句末,句首则用形式主语it。1．Thattheearthisroundistrue.=Itistruethattheearthi
3、sround2.Whetherhewillcomehasn’tbeendecided.=Ithasn’tbeendecidedwhetherhewillcome.注意:连词that,whether在从句中不担任句子成分,只起连接作用,不能省略(注:if不可用来引导主语从句）WhenhewillgotoAmericaisnotyetfixed.(ItisnotyetfixedwhenhewillgotoAmerica.)Whoeverleavestheroomlastshouldclosethedoor.Whatev
4、erwedomustbeintheinterestsofthepeople.3.常见的it作形式主语的结构基本句型结构常用词语Itis+名词+that从句 Itisafact/ashame/apity/nowonder/goodnews/…that…Itis+形容词+that从句 Itisnecessary/strange/important/possible/likely/…that…这类主语从句中,谓语动词常为(should)+动词原形Itis+过去分词+that从句 Itissaid/reported/dec
5、ided/known/…that…It+不及物动词+that从句 Itseemed/happened/doesn’tmatter/hasturnedout/…that二、it作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较it作形式主语代替主语从句,主要是为了平衡句子结构,主语从句的连接词有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调,无论强调的是什么成分,都可用连词that。被强调部分指人是也可用who/whom。例如:uItisapitythatyoudidn’tgotoseethefilm.uItdoesn’tinte
6、restmewhetheryousucceedornot.uItisinthemorningthatthemurdertookplace.uItisJohnthatbrokethewindow.宾语从句的用法句子结构：主句+连接词(引导词)+宾语从句；在think,believe,suppose,expect等动词之后,宾语从句中谓语的否定常转移到主句的谓语上。Idon’tbelievehewillgo.Wedon’texpectheiscoming.Idon’tthinkhecandoit,canhe?You/T
7、heydon’tthinkhecandoit,dothey?在接复合宾语的句子中,为了保持句子平衡,用it作形式宾语,将从句放于句尾,常接复合宾语的动词有:make,find,see,hear,feel,think...Ithinkitnecessarythatwetakeplentyofhotwatereveryday.I think it a pity to waste the food表语从句的用法在复合句中用作表语的从句是表语从句,引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样,表语从句位于连系动词后,
8、有时用asif引导。其基本结构为:主语+系动词+that从句。That’swhatweshoulddo.That’swhyIwanttoseeyou.ThereasonformyabsencewasthatIwasill.1.be,seem,look等动词后均可跟表语从句：Mysuggestionisthatweshouldgoshopping.Itseem
