英语修辞学知识要点

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1、英语修辞学知识要点Chapter1SyntacticDevices1.LongandShortSentences长句和短句2.TheSimpleSentence简单句3.TheCompoundSentence复合句4.TheComplexSentence复杂句5.Simple,CompoundandComplexSentences简单句、复合句和复杂句6.BranchingSentences分支句（松散句和圆周句）7.TheActiveandthePassiveVoicedSentences主动句和被动

2、句8.SyntacticSchemesofBalance平衡句｛排比句(parallelism)；对偶句(antithesis)；逆转反复句(chiasmus)｝9.SyntacticSchemesofInversion倒装句10.SyntacticSchemesofOmission句子的省略｛省略句(ellipsis)；局部省略句(fragmentaryellipticalsentence)；连词省略/散珠(asyndeton)；跳脱(aposiopesis)｝11.SyntacticSchemeso

3、fAdditionorInsertion添加句｛连词叠用(polysyndeton)；修正法/换语(epanorthosis)；注释法(exegesis)；扩充法(exergasis)；并列法(apposition)；插入法(parenthesis)｝12.SyntacticSchemesofRepetition反复句｛二项式(binomials)；三项式(trinomials)；多项式(catalogues)；首语重复(syntacticanaphora)；尾语重复(syntacticepiphore

4、a)；首尾语重复(syntacticframing)｝13.SyntacticSchemesofClimaxandAnti-climax层进和突降14.RhetorcalQuestion修辞问句15.Apodioxis断然拒绝16.Apostrophe顿呼17.SyntacticSchemeswith"it"it句18.ExistentialSentences存在句Chapter2LexicalDevices1.LexicaloptionsShortwordsorlongwords长短词Commonwo

5、rdsorlearnedwords普通词和书面词Formal,informalorcolloquialwords正式词、非正式词和口语词Generalorspecificwords一般词和特殊词Concreteorabstractwords具体词和抽象词Referentialoremotivewords指称词和情感词Choicebetweensynonymouswords近义词的选择2.choiceofabbreviationsAcronyms首字母缩略词ClippingsBlends混合词3.Lexi

6、calrepetitionImmediaterepetition连接反复Lexicalanaphora首语反复Lexicalepistrophe尾语反复Symploce首尾语反复Anadiplosis链形反复distantorintermittenrepetition间隔反复rootrepetition词根反复ploce换义反复Chapter3PhoneticDevicesandProseRhythm1.PhoneticDevices语音词格Alliteration头韵Assonance元韵Conson

7、ance辅韵Homeoteleuton谐缀格Onomatopoeia拟声CombineduseofPhoneticDevices2.ProseRhythm散文节奏Stress重音Pitch语调Pauseandtempo停顿和语速Chapter4FiguresofSpeech1.Simile明喻2.Metaphor暗喻3.Analogy类比4.Personificationphysicalification拟人拟物5.Metonymy借代6.Synecdoche提喻7.Antonomasia换称8.S

8、yllepsis一笔双叙9.Zeugma轭式搭配10.Paradox隽语11.Oxymoron矛盾修饰法12.Hyperbole夸张13.Understatement低调陈述14.Euphemism委婉语15.Irony反语16.Innuendo讥讽17.Sarcasm讽刺18.TransferredEpithet移就19.Pun双关（antanaclasis语音双关；paronomasia语义双关)20.Epigram警句21.synes