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1、公共管理学85713（Publicadministration85713）1,publicmanagement:forcestothegovernmentasthecoreofthepublicsectorforsocialintegration,widelyusedmethodofpoliticalandeconomic,management,law,strengtheningthegovernanceabilityofthegovernmenttoimprovegovernmentperformanceandqualityofpublicservices,soasto
2、realizethepublicwelfareandpublicinterest.Itfocusesonpublicadministrationasaprofession,andseespublicadministratorsaspractitionersofthatprofession.(naturereads4)2,thenewpublicmanagement:thehumanself-interesthypothesis,publicchoiceandagentbasedontransactioncosttheory,developedbythetraditiona
3、lmanagementandpayattentiontothenewTaylorismbasis,itscore:emphasizetheeconomicvaluesuperiority,emphasizingthemarketfunction,emphasizingthelarge-scaleuseofenterprisemanagementphilosophyandtechnology,emphasizingthecustomerorientedadministrativestyle.3,externaleconomy:alsoknownasexternalinter
4、ests.Referstothebenefitofaneconomicactivityoraprojectthatisenjoyedbythepersonwhohasnothingtodowithit.4,externaldiseconomy:alsocalledexternallosscost.Referstotheeconomiclosscausedbytheeconomicactivitiesofanenterprise,whiletheenterprisedoesnotbeartheexternalcost.*,fiscalpolicy:governmenttou
5、sefiscalbalanceasabalancefactor,toachieveeconomicstabilitythroughfiscal:maintainemployment,pricestabilityandfullcontrolofthetotaldemandinordertomaintainpropergrowthrate.5,monetarypolicy:Generallyspeaking,throughthecontrolofthesupplyofmoneytoseekeconomicstability,theimplementationofthemain
6、bodyofthecentralbank,ratherthanthegovernment.6,strategy:firstoriginatedinthemilitaryfield,istheoverallgoalofanorganization,itinvolvesaperiodoftimetopromotetheoveralldevelopmentofthepolicy,themainpoliciesandtasks.7,publicpolicy:thepublicauthority,tosolveapublicproblemormeetapublicneeds,the
7、choiceofactionplanorinaction.8,thepolicyispathology:policyanalystsoftenputforwardthecorrectsolutiontothewrongproblem,hethoughttosolvetheproblem,infactfromthecruxoftheproblem,whichleadstothepolicyeffect.9,performancebudget:theUnitedStatesHooverCommittee,theOrganizing
