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1、数学趣味题(三)（InterestinMathematics(three)）InterestinMathematics(three)1butterflyeffectMeteorologistLorenzaskedforapaperentitled,"wouldabutterflyshootitswingsandcausetornadoesinTaxas?""Hearguedthatiftheinitialconditionswerealittlesmallandtheresultwouldbeveryunstable,hewouldcallitabutterflyeffect
2、.".Justlikewethrowthedicetwotimes,nomatterhowwetrytothrowit,thetwophysicalphenomenaandthenumberofpointsthrownarenotnecessarilythesame.WhydidLorenzwritethispaper?Thestoryhappenedinthewinterof1961,andheusedtooperatetheweathercomputerinhisofficeasusual.Usually,heonlyneedstoinputmeteorologicald
3、atasuchastemperature,humidity,pressure,etc.,andthecomputercalculatesthepossiblemeteorologicaldataatthenextmomentaccordingtothreebuilt-indifferentialequations,soitsimulatestheweatherchangediagram.Onthisday,Lorenzwantedtolearnmoreaboutthesubsequentchangesinarecord.Headdedtheweatherdataatagive
4、nmomenttothecomputerandcalculatedmoreresults.Atthetime,thecomputerwasslowtoprocessthedataandenoughtohaveacupofcoffeeandachatwithfriendsbeforeitturnedout.Afteranhour,theresultcameout,buthewasdumbfounded.Asaresult,comparedwiththeoriginalinformation,theinitialdataissimilar,andthegreaterthedata
5、difference,themorelikethelattertwodifferentinformation.Theproblemisnotinthecomputer,theproblemisthatheentered0.000127ofthedata,andtheseslightdifferencesmakeagreatdifference.Soit'simpossibletopredicttheweatherforalongtime.Reference:agrassgourd(2)-YuanzheScienceEducationFoundation2.Thegeniuso
6、fmathematicsinanimals"Thebeehiveissixcolumnarbodystrictly,itisattheendoftheflathexagonalopening,theotherendisthesixcornersofthebottomofthepyramidclosed,composedofthreeidenticaldiamond.Thediamondiscomposedofchassisobtuseangle109degrees28points,alloftheacuteangleis70degrees32points,sothatboth
7、firmandmaterial.Thehive'swallis0.073millimetersthick,withminimalerror.RedCrownedCraneisalwaysgatheringincrowdsandgroupsmigration,arrangedin"people"and.Theangleof"man"is110degrees.Amoreaccuratecalculationalsoshowedthatthe"half"shapedangleangleofeachsidean
