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1、金属学名词解释三（Explanationofmetalnounsthree）Alloy:anyoftwoormorethantwometals,ormetalsandnonmetals,fusedorsinteredorotherwisecombinedwithametallicproperty.Microstructure:themorphology,size,quantityanddistributionofthephasesofthealloy.Component(element):themostbasicandindependentmateri
2、althatmakesupanalloyiscalledacomponent.Twoelementalloy:analloyconsistingoftwocomponentscalledatwoelementalloy.Alloysystem:analloyconsistingofaseriesofdifferentcomponentsindifferentproportionsfromagivencomponent.Thisseriesofalloysformsanalloysystem,referredtoasanalloysystem.Phase
3、:referstothealloyinthesamestructure,componentsandpropertiesofuniformandseparatedfromeachotherbytheinterfacecomponents.Singlephasealloy:analloyconsistingofasolidphasecalledasinglephasealloy.Multiphasealloys:alloyscomposedofseveraldifferentsolidphasescalledmultiphasealloys.Ametalc
4、ompoundthatinteractswithasubstancethathasametallicproperty,calledametalliccompoundSolidsolution:asolidphaseformedbymixingthecomponentsofanalloyindifferentproportions.Itscrystallinestructureisthesameasthatofacomponentofthealloy.Thisphaseiscalledasolidsolution.Thiscomponentiscalle
5、dasolvent,andtheothercomponentisthesolute.Substitutionsolidsolution:referstotheformationofsolidsolutionofsomenodesinthelatticeofsoluteatomsinsolvent,solventatomslikethesenodesarereplacedbysoluteatoms,socalledsubstitutionalsolidsolution.Interstitialsolution:thesoluteatomsdonotocc
6、upythenormalnodepositionofthesolventlattice,butratherfillthegapbetweenthesolventatoms.Finitesolidsolution:undercertainconditions,soluteconcentrationinthesolidsolutionhasacertainlimit,beyondthislimitisnotdissolved.Thislimitiscalledsolubility.Thesolidsolutioniscalledafinitesolidso
7、lution.Infinitesolidsolution:solutecandissolveintosolventatanarbitraryproportion,andthesolubilityofsolidsolutionisupto100%.Thissolidsolutioniscalledinfinitesolidsolution.Disorderedsolidsolution:soluteatomsstatisticsandrandomdistributioninthesolventinthelattice,orheoccupiessomepo
8、sitionassolventatoms,orsolventatomsoccupyspace,
