热处理课程设计---950℃中温井式电阻炉的设计

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1、西安建筑科技大学课程设计（论文）摘要本次课程设计《热处理设备课程设计》是热处理设备实践教学环节的重要组成部分，其目的是通过课程设计加深对本课程基础知识的理解，提高综合运用知识的能力；掌握本课程的主要内容、工程设计或撰写论文的步骤和方法；提高制图能力，学会应用有关设计资料进行设计计算和理论分析的方法，以提高独立分析问题、解决问题的能力。本设计是950℃中温井式电阻炉的设计，实际生产率为90kg/h。首先选择15CrMo阀座的热处理工艺，选择其中的正火和低温回火，分析其工艺特点，画出工艺曲线，然后通过合理的选择炉体材

2、料和估算炉衬厚度，校核炉衬厚度以及表面温度来确定炉体结构，应用热平衡计算法确定炉子的加热功率，分析蓄热散热，估算空炉升温时间等，最后根据炉子的技术参数合理的选择电热元件，并分析其接线方式和布置方法，完成整个炉子的设计。关键词：中温井式电阻炉，热处理，热流密度，散热损失第20页共19页西安建筑科技大学课程设计（论文）目录1.15CrMo阀座的热处理工艺设计··········································032.炉型的选择······························

3、·····························043.确定炉体结构和尺寸···················································044.炉衬材料的确定和厚度估算·············································055.炉衬厚度的校核·······················································066.砌体平均表面积计算··························

4、·························087.计算炉子功率·························································098.炉子热效率计算······················································139.炉子空载功率计算····················································1310.空炉升温时间计算·························

5、···························1311.功率的分配与接线····················································1612.电热元件材料选择及计算第20页共19页西安建筑科技大学课程设计（论文）··············································1613.炉子技术指标························································1914.编制使用说明书··

6、····················································1915.参考文献····························································1916.致谢································································20115CrMo阀座的热处理工艺设计多品种，小批量，工件最长2.1m，周期式长时间生产。热处理最高工作温度为950℃。炉外壁温度小于

7、60℃。1.115CrMo阀座加工制造工艺流程正火→机械加工→渗碳→淬火→回火→检验→成品第20页共19页西安建筑科技大学课程设计（论文）15CrMo正火920±10℃0.5h空冷渗碳930±10℃6~8h空冷淬火840±10℃1h油冷回火180±10℃1.5h空冷1.2正火和回火的热处理参数加热温度加热方法加热介质保温时间冷却方法冷却介质最终组织正火920℃中温井炉空气0.5h出炉空冷空气细P+F回火180℃中温井炉空气1.5h出炉空冷空气M+碳化物1.3热处理工艺曲线温度/℃油淬930±10℃6h840±10

8、℃920±10℃空冷30min30min180±10℃1.5h空冷淬火渗碳正火时间/t回火1.4常见热处理缺陷①　过烧：由于加热温度过高，出现晶界氧化，甚至晶界局部熔化，造成工件报废。②　裂纹淬火温度过高，回火不足可造成工件残余应力大，即使在合理的磨削条件下也可能产生磨削裂纹。③　变形（翘曲）：各道冷、热加工工序都应尽量减少引入的应力，在磨削之间插入人工时效。另外，应特别