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1、TheBasicElementsofAppreciatingEnglishPoetry1.Whatispoetry?ØPoetryistheexpressionofImpassionedfeelinginlanguage.Ø“Poetryisthespontaneousoverflowofpowerfulfeelings:ittakesitsoriginfromemotionrecollectedintranquility.”Ø“Poetry,inageneralsense,maybedefinedtobetheexpressionoftheimaginati
2、on.”ØPoetryistherhythmicalcreationofbeauty.ØPoetryistheimageofmanandnature.Ø“诗言志，歌咏言。”---《虞书》Ø“诗言志之所以也。在心为志，发言为诗。情动于中而行于言，言之不足，则嗟叹之；嗟叹之不足，故咏歌之；咏歌之不足，不知手之舞之，足之蹈之也。情发于声；声成文，谓之音。”---《诗·大序》Ø“诗是由诗人对外界所引起的感觉，注入了思想与情感，而凝结了形象，终于被表现出来的一种‘完成’的艺术。”---艾青：《诗论》2.TheSoundSystemofEnglishPoetrya.The
3、prosodicfeaturesØProsody(韵律)---thestudyoftherhythm,pause,tempo,stressandpitchfeaturesofalanguage.ØChinesepoetryissyllable-timed,Englishpoetryisstress-timed.ØStress:TheprosodyofEnglishpoetryisrealizedbystress.Onestressedsyllablealwayscomestogetherwithoneormoreunstressedsyllables.eg.T
4、iger,/tiger,/burning/brightInthe/forest/ofthe/night,Whatim/mortal/handor/eyeCouldframethy/fearful/symme/try?---W.BlakeLength:itcanproducesomerhetoricalandartisticeffect.eg.Thecurfewtollstheknellofpartingday,Thelowingherdwindslowlyo’erthelea,ThePloughmanhomewardplodshiswearyway,Andle
5、avestheworldtodarknessandtome.---ThomasGrayLongvowelsanddiphthongsmakethepoemslow,emotionalandsolemn;shortvowelsquick,passionate,tenseandexciting.Pause:itservesfortherhythmandmusicalityofpoetry.b.Meterormeasure(格律)poem---stanza/strophe---line/verse---foot---arsis+thesis;Meterormeasu
6、rereferstotheformationwayofstressedandunstressedsyllables.Fourcommonmeters:a)Iambus;theiambicfoot(抑扬格)eg.Shewalks/inbeau/ty,like/thenightOfcloud/lessclimes/andstar/ryskies;Andall/that’sbest/ofdark/andbrightMeetin/heras/pectand/hereyes.---Byronb)Trochee;thetrochaicfoot（扬抑格）eg.Never/s
7、eekto/tellthy/love,Lovethat/never/toldcan/be.---Blakec)Dactyl;thedactylicfoot（扬抑抑格）eg.Cannonto/rightofthem,Cannonto/leftofthem.Cannonin/frontofthem,Volley’dand/thunder’d.---Tennysond)Anapaest;theanapesticfoot（抑抑扬格）eg.Break,/break,/break,Onthycold/greystones,/Osea!AndIwould/thatmyton
8、gue/couldutterTheth
