二十世纪英国文学

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1、20thCenturyEnglishLiterature⒈HistoricalbackgroundWWⅠEconomicdepressionandworker’smovementIrishnationalistmovementWWⅡ2.1NewTheoriesandIdeasDarwin’sEvolutionaryTheoryEinstein’sTheoryofRelativityFreud’sAnalyticalPsychologyKarlMarksandFriedrichEngels’sTheoryofScientif

2、icSocialismArthurSchopenhauer’sPessimismFriedrichNietzsche’sDoctrinesofPowerandSupermanHenryBergson’sIrrationalPhilosophy2.CulturalBackgroundRealisminthe20thCenturyEnglishLiterature二十世纪英国现实主义文学改变了维多利亚时代那种高雅温和的倾向，加强了对英国社会的保守性和虚伪性的批判，具有一种冷峻地直面人生的特点。伦敦塔桥Modernism1.Ar

3、eactionagainstrealism2.Modernismtakestheirrationalphilosophyandpsycho-analysisasitstheoreticalbase.3.Themajorthemesofthemodernistliteraturearethedistorted,alienatedandillrelationshipsbetweenmanandnature,manandsociety,manandman,manandhimself.4.Themodernistwritersco

4、ncentratemoreontheprivatethanonthepublic,moreonthesubjectivethanontheobjective.Theyaremainlyconcernedwiththeinnerbeingofanindividual.Intheirwritings,thepast,thepresent,andthefuturearemingledtogetherandexistatthesametimeintheconsciousnessofanindividual.SometermsSym

5、bolism象征主义Expressionism表现主义Surrealism超现实主义Futurism未来主义Dadaism达达主义Imagism意向主义Streamofconsciousness意识流Existentialism存在文学Theatreofabsurd荒诞派戏剧Blackhumor黑色幽默EnglishNovelofEarly20thCenturyTheRealists:TheEnglishrealistsattheendofthe19thandthebeginningofthe20thcontinuedan

6、ddevelopedthetraditionsofthebrilliantschoolofcriticalrealism.Theysoughtfornewwaysandmeansofrevealingthetruthoflife.Intheirworkscriticismofthebourgeoisworldreachesconsiderabledepthandpoignancy.ThenotablenamesamongthemincludeButler,MeredithandWells.RudyardKipling18

7、65-1936Kipling’smajorworks:DepartmentalDittiesandOtherVerses《分类的歌曲》SevenSeas《七海》TheFiveNations《五国》TheJungleBook《森林之书》JustSoStories《如此故事》PlainTalesfromtheHills《山中的故事》SoldiersThree《三个士兵》Life’sHandicaps《生命的阻力》ManyInventions《许多发明》TheLightThatFailed《消失的光芒》CaptainCourag

8、eous《勇敢的船长》Kim《吉姆》ArnoldBennett1867-1931Bennett’sMajorWorks:AnnaoftheFiveTowns《无城的安娜》Clayhanger《克雷亨格》HildaLessways《希尔达·莱斯威斯》TheseTwain《这一对》TheOldWives’