欢迎来到天天文库
浏览记录
ID:11535125
大小:293.50 KB
页数:149页
时间:2018-07-12
《《船舶安全管理》课件:第六章 海洋船舶防污染管理》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、ChapterⅥPreventionofPollutionfromShips海洋船舶防污染管理随着海洋运输业的发展,世界船队规模不断增大,从船舶上排入海洋及大气中的各种有害物质的数量与日俱增,使海洋环境日趋恶化,海洋的生态环境被破坏,尤其是一些沿岸及河口海域已遭受着严重的污染损害,危害人类健康(在此不仅是船舶污染损害,还包括沿岸工业污染。为了当代人类健康,也为子孙后代创造一个良好的生存环境,使人类杜会可持续发展,必须严格控制对海洋的污染。船舶污染物的控制是目前航运界主要考虑的问题之一。SubstancesofPollutionfromShipoilchem
2、icals(NoxiousLiquidSubstancesinBulk)harmfulsubstancesinpackagedformSewageGarbageHarmfulairOthersubstances.船舶对海洋造成污染的主要物质:石油;散装有毒液体物质;包装有害物质;生活污水;船舶垃圾;有害排气;其他。SourceofPollutionfromShipoperationalordeliberatecauses,fromroutineoperationsaccidentalornegligentcauses船舶对海洋的污染船舶对海洋造成污染的途径:
3、操作性污染;事故性污染。TheMARPOLConventionIntroductiontechnicalAnnexesIntroductiontoMARPOL73/78History:nationalregulationsinthefirsthalfofthe20thcenturytheUnitedKingdomorganizedtheInternationalConventionforthePreventionofPollutionoftheSeabyOil(OILPOL),1954.in1958,theIMOConventionentryintoforc
4、e.IntroductiontoMARPOL73/78History:The1954Convention,whichwasamendedin1962,1969and1971,primarilyaddressedpollutionresultingfromroutinetankeroperationsandfromthedischargeofoilywastesfrommachineryspaces- regardedasthemajorcausesofoilpollutionfromships.IntroductiontoMARPOL73/78History
5、:In1967,thetankerTorreyCanyonranagroundwhileenteringtheEnglishChannelandspilledherentirecargoof120,000tonsofcrudeoilintothesea. Theincidentraisedquestionsaboutmeasurestheninplacetopreventoilpollutionfromshipsandalsoexposeddeficienciesintheexistingsystemforprovidingcompensationfollo
6、wingaccidentsatsea.IntroductiontoMARPOL73/78History:aninternationalConferencein1973adoptedtheInternationalConventionforthePreventionofPollutionfromShips.theProtocolof1978relatingtothe1973InternationalConventionforthePreventionofPollutionfromShips(1978MARPOLProtocol)-adoptedon17Febr
7、uary1978.IntroductiontoMARPOL73/78History:Thecombinedinstrument -theInternationalConventionforthePreventionofMarinePollutionfromShips,1973asmodifiedbytheProtocolof1978relatingthereto(MARPOL73/78)-finallyenteredintoforceon2October1983(forAnnexesIandII).国际防止船舶造成污染公约历史背景20世纪上半叶部分国家法规;
8、1954年在伦敦召开国际会议制定“54公约”;195
此文档下载收益归作者所有