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1、to-PeerNetworksfNaturalSciencesArticleID:1007--1202(2007)05..0866..05DOIl0.1007/sll859—007—0008一xVOI.12NO.52007866.870_SS:E仟icientSearchSchemeBasedon_mmuneMethodinModernUnstructuredPeer-to..PeerNetworks口GUANZhitao,CAOYuanda,ZHULiehuang,ZHANGChangyou,FANXiumeiSchoolofComputer
2、ScienceandTechnology,BeijingInstituteofTechnology,Beijing100081,ChinaAbstract:FloodingisthemostfamoustechniqueforlocatingcontentsinunstructuredP2Pnetworks.Recentlytraditionalflood—inghasbeenreplacedbymoreefficientdynamicquery(DQ)anddifferentvariantsofsuchalgorithms.Dynamicqu
3、eryisanewfloodingtechniquewhichcouldestimateapropertime..to..1ive(TTL)valueforaqueryfloodingbyestimatingthepopularityofthesearchedfiles,andretrievesufficientresultsundercontrolledfloodingrangeforreducingnetworktraffic.However,allDQ—likesearchalgorithmsare''blind"sothatalarge
4、amountofredundantmessagesarecaused.Inthispaper,weproposedanewsearchscheme,calledImmuneSearchScheme0ss).tocopewiththisproblem.InISS.animmunesystemsinspiredconceptofsimilar.ity—governedcloneproliferationandmutationforquerymessagemovementisapplied.Someassistantstrategies,thatis
5、,shortcutscreationandpeertravelingareincorporatedintoISStodevelop''immunememory"forimprovingsearchperformance.whichcanmakeISSnotbeblindbutheuristic.Keywords:peer--to--peer;dynamicquery;immunemethod;cloneproliferationandmutationCLCnumber:TP393Reeeiveddate:2007.0I.12Foundation
6、item:SupportedbytheNationalNaturalScienceFoundationofChina(90604012)Biography:GUANZhitao(1979一),male,Ph.D.candidate,researchdirection:P2Pcomputing.E—mail:guanzhitao@gmailcom十Towhomcorrespondenceshouldbeaddressed.E.mail:ydcao@bitedu.cn8660lntroductionPeer—to—peer(P2P)networks
7、suchasGnutella.Ka—ZaA,andBitTorrenthaveemergedasanewInternetcomputingparadigmoverthepastfewyears.ThemostprevalentP2Papplicationtilltodayisfilesharing.IncontrasttostructuredP2Pnetworks,searchinunstruc—turedP2Pnetworksisconsiderablymorechallengingbecauseofthelackofglobalroutin
8、ganddirectoryser—vice.Inspiteofthisapparentlimit,unstructuredP2Pnetworkshav
