survivability assessment method of spacecraft at the threat of space debris

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1、SurvivabilityAssessmentMethodofSpacecraftattheThreatofSpaceDebrisJournalofSystemsScienceandInformation2006,Vo1.4,No.2,PP.203-213PublishedbyResearchInformationLtd(RIL),UKSurvivabilityAssessmentMethodofSpacecraftattheThreatofSpaceDebrisYangPei,BifengSong,QingHanCollegeofAero

2、nautics,NorthwesternPolytechnicalUniversity,Xi'an710072,China(ReceivedNovember30,2004)Abstract:Thethreatofspacedebr~onspacecrafthasincreasedourattentiontothesurvivabilityenhancementdesignofspacecraft.Thispaperstudiesthesurvivabilityassessmentmethod,whichhasmainlytwoparts,n

3、amelysusceptibilityassessmentandvul-nerabilityassessment.Ouremphasisfocusesonhowtoassessthevulnerabilityofspacecrafttospacedebris.Thebasicvulnerabilityassessmentprocessincludes:(1)theanalysesofthethreatenvironmentofspacedebris;(2)theprocessofidentificationofcriticalcompo-n

4、entsofspacecraft,inwhichaDMECA(damagemode,effects,andcriticalityanalysis)isintroducedandanexpe~systemisproposedtogetthedamageratioofeachcomponent;(3)thespacecraftgeometricaldescriptionmethod,inwhich"shotlinescanningmethod"isdescribedtocalculatetheprojected/overlappingareao

5、fcomponentsanddeterminethemasking/shieldingrelationshipamongcomponents;(4)thecalculationofspacecraftkillprobabilityandvulnerablearea.Atlast,theauthorsconcludethattheproposedassess-mentmethodissystemicandfeasible,anditca31giveaquantitativeassessmentresultofsurvivability/vul

6、nerabilityinthespacecraftconceptualdesign.Thetheorycontainedinthispaperisusefultodevelopcomputerizedtoolforspacecraftsurvivabilityanalysis.Keywords:spacecraft;survivability;vulnerability;spacedebris;probability1.IntroductionEveryspacecraftinorbitissubjectedtoseveraltypesof

7、environmentalhazardssuchasneu.tralatmosphere,thermal,plasma,meteoroids,orbitaldebris,solaractivity,ionizingradiation,andSOon[I--3].Meteoroidsarecreatedfromthebreakupofasteroidsandcomets.OrbitalThisprojectissupportedbyNationalNaturalScienceFoundationofChina(10372082);theAer

8、ospaceScienceFoundation(02B53008);andtheDoctorateFoundationofNorthwesternPolytechnicalUni