六级冲刺班完型讲义

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大学英语六级完型填空、改错主讲老师：卢根 一、完型文章特点（一）文章为总分结构，首句暗示文体和难易程度（三）长文容易，短文难（二）文章主题和学生生活紧密相连（四）文章开头结尾容易，中间难 一、实词：虚词=3：1norm,mode,pattern,styleaccessory,merit,incentive,dividendrange,length,scale,extentscrape,deny,depress,shrinkelevate,convene,launch,project二、完型选项特点 descendant,defendant,dependent,developmentoutset,outbreak,breakthrough,breakdownrupture,corruption,eruption,disruptionrecur,renew,recall,recover narrator,spokesman,mediator,brokerfinding,thesis,hypothesis,abstractpublish,simulate,illuminate,circulatepresume,stimulate,nominate,distribute except,without,despite,viadeal,tackle,cope,dispose 二、单词相同线索在句内；单词不同线索在句外三、形近词题、介词题先做；连词题、副词题后做（插入语不读，定语成分不读，状语成分不读）四、答案总在相似中五、倾向于选核心词 六、简单词考搭配七、高频前缀a-,com-/con-,de-,dis-,in-,re-八、正确答案平均分布 62.[A]setin［C］carryover[B]setout[D］carryaway63.［A］abusing［C］developing［B］deducting［D］abandoning64.［A］with[B]beside［C］along［D］by65.［A］engages［C］deliberates［B］intends［D］signifies 66.［A］exceeded［C］assumed［B］multiplied［D］revealed67.［A］on［C］over［B］of［D］up68.［A］cost［C］expend［B］consume［D］charge 69.［A］asfor［C］suchas［B］farfrom［D］byfar70.［A］reliable［C］applicable［B］free［D］easy71.［A］resisted［C］acknowledged［B］certified［D］appealed72.［A］net［C］bet［B］kit［D］pit 73.［A］evaluation［C］circulation［B］expansion［D］dimension74.［A］behind［C］before［B］against［D］within75.［A］If［C］Hence［B］While［D］Because76.［A］ascend［C］lengthen［B］announce［D］claim 77.［A］contributes［C］maintains［B］disposes［D］encounters78.［A］like［C］from［B］beyond［D］through79.［A］heavy［C］rough［B］crude［D］serious 80.［A］targeted［C］suffered［B］suspended［D］tolerated81.［A］asset［C］account［B］bill［D］loan 做题步骤：一、细读首句，把握主旨二、精读文章，按段做题三、先易后难，初选答案四、重读原文，核实答案 tool,appliance,apparatus,instrument,implement,equipment,facility,utilityvoice,utterance,speech,sound,pronunciationincident,event,occasion,situation,condition,circumstancesextent,level,rank,range,scope,field,district,region way,method,approach,meansorigin,sourceresult,consequencealive,living,live,livelysame,similar,alike,identicalaccurate,exact,definite,precise insure,ensure,assureTheassistantassuredthemanagerofhisloyalty.Heassuredusofhisabilitytosolvetheproblem.hardly,barely,scarcely,merely,rarely,seldom Irarelywatchtelevision.SanFranciscoisusuallycoolinthesummer,butLosAngelesrarelyis.MylegsweresoweakthatIcouldhardlystand.Hehasbarelyenoughmoneytoliveon.Thetruthisrarelypureandneversimple.——OscarWilde Alltheworldisastage,andallthemenandwomenaremerelyplayers.——WilliamShakespeareTheraininSpainstaysmainlyintheplain.InHartford,Hereford,andHampshire,hurricaneshardlyeverhappened. 一．观察词根词缀inaccessibleinevitableindefinitelyunprecedenteddramatically 二．根据词性组词jeopardizebewilderreconcilevulnerableextraction 介词题vt.vi.n.adj. prepositionInsomelanguages,awordplacedbeforeasubstantiveandindicatingtherelationofthatsubstantivetoaverb,anadjective,oranothersubstantive. 并列and,or,aswellas,inthesameway,thatistosaylikewise,similarlyIfyoubuyacar,you’llneedaparkingplace,too.Heisgentle,butheisalsocapableoffiercecombat.Youforgottomentionthatherparentswerelikewisegoingtoattendtheceremony. 递进then,besidesfurthermore,moreover,inaddition,additionally Idon’tfeellikecooking,andbesides,there’snofoodinthehouse.Thehouseistoosmall,andmoreover,itistoofarfromtheoffice.Thewholereportisbadlywritten,andfurthermore,itisinaccurate. Thecellarwasdarkanddamp,andmoreover,Iknewafamilyofmicehadnestedthere.Idon’twantyoutogo;furthermore,Iforbidit. 转折although,eventhough,but,however,yet,nevertheless,nonetheless,notwithstanding,whereas,while,inspiteof,despiteAlthoughitwassocold,hewentoutwithoutanovercoat.Ihaveneverunderstoodwhytheygavemesomuchpopcorn,ittastedprettygoodthough. 因果because(of),so,accordingly,consequently,as,since,nowthat,thus,therefore,hence 近义词题形近词题不相关词题高中单词题介词题连词题 改错题目要求：改一个词，删一个词，加一个词只能变一个词每行都会有错划掉一个词而不是加下划线，空格里画斜线会有上下文逻辑错误不会有拼写错误，注意大写 改一个词：8个题左右按照动词名词形容词的顺序动词：及物不及物动名词主谓一致（单复数，人称）时态语态（现在分词过去分词互换） 名词：名词是否可数形容词：形容词改副词（或副词改形容词）形容词逻辑问题（加前缀）比较级最高级 连词：从句连词逻辑连词看上下文代词：代词的格代词的单复数 介词：介词与动词，名词，形容词的正确搭配删一个词：1个题左右，靠语感（冠词，介词）加一个词：1个题左右，靠语感（冠词，介词） 限制性、非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句指人指物既指人又指物作主语whowhichthat作宾语who/whom表所属关系whose/ofwhomwhose/ofwhichwhose定语从句关系代词的选择 定语从句关系副词的选择关系副词表示在从句中所作成分when（in/at/duringwhich）timeadverbialwhere（in/at/under/onwhich）placeadverbialwhy（forwhich）reasonadverbialhow（inwhich）methodadverbial 名词性从句连词的选择名词性从句的引导词在从句中是否作成分thatthat不作成分whether,ifwhether,if不作成分when,where,why,howwho,whom,what,which,whosewhen,where,why,how作状语who,whom,what作主语、宾语或表语which,whose在从句中作定语（后接名词） 形式多（不定式、分词、动名词），功能多，结构复杂要求能分析普通复合句句子结构以前学的口诀：这些动词后接不定式的宾语决心学会想希望，拒绝设法愿假装。主动答应选计划，同意请求帮一帮。 状语Tomakethiscake,you’llneed2eggs,175gsugarand175gflour.定语TheChineseareproudofthe29thOlympicGamesheldinBeijingin2008.宾语ThechildrentalkedsoloudlyatdinnertablethatIhadtostruggletobeheard.宾语补足语Whilewatchingtelevision,weheardthedoorbellring.表语Herwishwastobecomeanartist.主语Itiseveryone’sdutytoprotecttheenvironment.Teachingisatiringbutsatisfyingjob.主语补足语Therearetwobookstoberead. 作状语不定式作状语分词作状语 不定式作状语表示一种“趋势”MygrandmotherlivedtoseetheliberationofChina.Helenhadtoshouttomakeherselfheardabovethesoundofthemusic.Iamverygladtoseeyou.Iamsosorrytohearyourmotherisill.Heisoldenoughtogotoschool.Hegotupearlyinordertocatchthefirstbus.Thebusstoppedsoastopickuppassengers. 分词作状语先看语态再看时态形式例句表主动，与句中谓语动词同时发生doingBecarefulwhilecrossingthestreet.表主动，先于谓语动词发生havingdoneHavingarrived,Isawandconquered.Nothavingmadefullpreparations,wedecidedtoputoffthemeetingtillnextweek.表被动，没有一定时间性doneWhenofferedhelp,oneoftensays“Thankyou.”or“It’skindofyou.”Generallyspeaking,whentakenaccordingtothedirections,thedrughasnosideeffect.表被动，与句中谓语动词同时发生beingdoneBeingcaughtinatrafficjam,studentsofacollegeinIndiaansweredtheirexampapersontheschoolbus.表被动，先于谓语动词发生havingbeendoneHavingbeentoldmanytimes,hestillrepeatedthesamemistake. 独立成分作状语generallyspeaking…franklyspeaking…judgingfrom/by…considering…/taking…intoconsideration…totellyouthetruth…seeing…supposing… assuming…admitting…given…provided…comparedto/with…Judgingfromhisaccent,heisfromthesouth.Consideringyourhealth,you’dbetterhavearest.Totellyouthetruth,Iamalittletired. 独立主格名词/代词+现在分词Wintercoming,itgetscolderandcolder.Therainhavingstopped,hewentoutforawalk.Thequestionbeingsettled,wewoundupthemeeting.名词/代词+过去分词Thepresidentassassinated,thewholecountrywasindeepsorrow.名词/代词+形容词Themenmovedslowlyforward,neckdeepinthecollar,withtheirofficersguidingthem. 名词/代词+不定式Herearethefirsttwovolumes,thethirdonetocomeoutnextmonth.名词/代词+介词短语Thehunterenteredtheforest,guninhand.名词/代词+副词Nobodyin,thethieftookalotofthingsaway.名词/代词+名词Hefoughtthewolf,astickhisonlyweapon. 作定语——伴随状态先看语态再看时态形式例句表主动，正在进行doingDoyouknowtheboylyingunderthebigtree?Ihaveneverseenamoremovingmovie.表主动，将来todoDoyouhaveanythingtosend?表被动，完成doneThebrokenglassisTom’s.HaveyoureadthenovelwrittenbyDickens?表被动，正在进行beingdoneThehousesbeingbuiltarefortheteachers.Thesongbeingsungisverypopularwiththestudents.表被动，将来tobedoneThequestiontobediscussedattomorrow’smeetingisaveryimportantone.Doyouhaveanythingtobesent? 作宾语Hedecided/determinedtogohimself.Hedoesn’tpretendtobeanexpert.Myroommatepretendedtobeasleep.Icannotpretendtosaythatyouarewrong.Hepromisedtowritesoon.Hechosetoflyratherthandrive. We’reconsideringmovingtoSeattle.Iadmittedbreakingthewindow.Theyallavoidedmentioningthatname.Weshallappreciatehearingfromyouagain.Thenewlawforbidssmokinginoffices.Theyriskedlosingtheirjobs.Thelawpermitscampingonthebeach. Hestoppedcrying.Hestoppedtocry.Hecan’thelplaughing.Hecan’thelptolaugh.Iforgotpostingtheletter.Don’tforgettoposttheletter. Iremembertellingyouaboutitonce.Remembertowriteuswhenyougetthere.IbelieveyouwillregretleavingParis.IregrettosaythatIamunabletohelpyou.try/goon/like/hate 作宾语补足语先看语态再看时态形式例句宾语和宾语补足语存在逻辑上的主动关系，表完成doIheardhersinganEnglishsongjustnow.Ihatetoseeyouleave.宾语和宾语补足语存在逻辑上的主动关系，表正在进行doingIheardhersinginganEnglishsongwhenIpassedbyherroomyesterday.Atthattime,Ifoundhimcryinginthestreet.Iamsorrytohavekeptyouwaitingforsuchalongtime.宾语和宾语补足语存在逻辑上的主动关系，表将来todoThedoctorwarnedhimnottoeattoomuchmeat.宾语和宾语补足语存在逻辑上的被动关系，表完成或没有一定时间性doneIlookeddownatmyneckandfoundmynecklacegone.Iwassurprisedtofindmyhometownchangedsomuch.宾语和宾语补足语存在逻辑上的被动关系，表正在进行beingdoneIheardanEnglishsongbeingsungbyalittlegirlwhenIpassedbyherroomyesterday.宾语和宾语补足语存在逻辑上的被动关系，表将来tobedoneWehurriedlyendedourmeeting,leavingmanyproblemstobesettled.