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1、朝阳市某专科学校新生乙肝疫苗接种情况调查研究【摘要】目的了解辽宁省朝阳市师范高等专科学校3年制大专2008届1475名新入校学生乙肝疫苗的接种情况,为有针对性的制定乙肝预防控制策略提供依据。方法选择2008届3年制大专新入校的1475名学生作为研究对象,进行乙肝疫苗接种情况问卷调查和乙肝两对半检查;对HBV5项指标(HBsAg、抗-HBs、HBeAg、抗-HBe、抗HBc)检查均为阴性、肝功能检查为正常的新生按照“0、1、6”方案,进行乙肝疫苗接种。对1个月后检测抗-HBs为阴性的学生,实施增加剂量(10μg/ml)按照“0、1、2”方案进行接种,并对接种效果进行统计分析
2、。结果1475名新入校学生的乙肝疫苗接种率为74.03%,HBsAg阳性率为5.67%。420名新生疫苗初次接种1个月后,抗-HBs阳转率为76.43%,男生与女生阳转率差别不显著(P>0.05)。对检验抗-HBs为阴性的99名新生,采取增加剂量第2次复,阳转率为100%。在问卷调查中,部分新生对乙肝的危害认识不够,缺乏自觉接种的意识。结论乙肝疫苗接种是防止HBV感染的有效方法,疫苗复种是目前有效,切实可行的解决乙肝疫苗无应答问题的手段。【关键词】新生;乙肝疫苗;全程免疫;阳转率Analysisofhbvaccinevaccinationandimmunity8effec
3、tamongthefreshemninchaoyanguniversityXIULi-hua.CenterforDiseasePreventionandControl,Chaoyang122000,China【Abstract】ObjectiveTheaimofthisstudywastoinvestigatetherateofhepatitisBvaccineamongthefreshmenofthree-yearsandtheimmunityeffectaftervaccination,andtoprovidereferenceforfurtherprevention
4、andcontrol.Methods1475freshmenofthree-yearswerecollected,andinvestigatedabouthepatitisBvaccinated,anddetectedthethemarker(HBsAg,anti-HBS,HBeAganti-HBeandAnti-HBc)ofhepatitisB;thefivetargetsofHBVwereshowedtobenegative,andnormalliverfunctionwereimmunizedwithhepatitisBvaccinebyusing0,1,and6m
5、onthsschemes,iffreshmenwiththenegativeanti-HBsatthetimeofonemonthwereimmunizedwithhepatitisBvaccineinlargedosesbyusing0,1,and2-monthsschemes.ResultsAmong1475freshmen,therateofhepatitisBvaccinatedwas74.03%.Aftertheprimaryvaccinatedforonemonth,theconversionrateofanti-HBspositivewas76.43%,an
6、dnosignificant8differencewasfoundbetweentheconversionratesofmalesandfemales(χ2=1.19P>0.05).Forfreshmenwithnegativeanti-HBs,weusedthesecondfull-courseimmunizationwithlargedose,andtheconversionrateofpositiveanti-HBswas100%.ConclusionThehepatitisBvaccinationisthebesteffectivewayofpreventingH
7、BVinfection,andtherevaccinationofvaccineiseffectiveandpracticalwayforsolvingthenon-responsehepatitisBvaccine.【Keywords】Freshmen;HepatitisBvaccine;Full-courseimmunization;Conversionrateofpositiveanti-HBs8据卫生部公布的数据显示,我国乙肝表面抗原携带者约有9300万人,乙型肝炎防治工作形势严峻,任务艰巨。目前对乙型肝炎缺乏有效治疗
