大学英美概况美国宗教

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1、Unit6ReligionIntheUnitedStatedReligiousLibertyProtestantsintheUnitedStatedCatholicsThreeFaithsReligiousDiversityEarlyAmericanReligionsBythemiddleofthe18thcentury,manydifferentkindsofprotestantslivedinAmericaLutheransfromGermanyDutchreformedchurchflourishedinNewYorkandJerseyNew

2、PresbyteriansfromScotlandHuguenotsfromFranceCongregationalistspuritansdominatedinMassachusetts,NewEnglandareaAlthoughthechurchofEnglandwasanestablishedchurchinseveralcolonies,protestantslivedsidebysideinrelativeharmony●●●●●●●TheGreatAwakening●TheGreatAwakeningofthe1740s,a“revi

3、val”movementwhichsoughttobreathenewfeelingsandstrengthintoreligioncutacrossofthelinesofprotestantreligiousgroups,ordenominations.●John.Lockereasonedthattherighttogoverncomesfromanagreementor“socialcontract”voluntarilyenteredintobyfreepeople●AfewAmericansweresoinfluencedbythesc

4、ienceandnewideasoftheEnlightenmentinEuropethattheybecamedeistbelievingthatreasonteachesthatGodexistsbutleavesmanfreetosettlehisownaffairsManyprotestantsanddeistscouldagree●“allmenarecreatedequal,thattheyareendowedbytheircreatorwithcertainunalienablerights”●“thelawsofnatureandn

5、ature’sGod”entitledthemtoanewnationAmongtherightsthatthenewnation,asapoliticalnecessityinareligiouslydiversesocietywasfreedomofreligionThefirstAmendmenttotheconstitutionoftheUnitedStatesforbadethenewfederalgovernmenttogivespecialfavorstoanyreligionortohinderthefreepractice,ore

6、xerciseofreligionTheUnitedStateswouldhavenostate-supportedreligionThegovernmentsupportsallreligionReligiousLiberty●●●●●Americancourtshavebecomemoresensitiveinrecentyeartotherightsofpeoplewhodonotbelieveinanygodorreligion.●Protestantreligionandrepublicanformsofgovernmenttheyfel

7、t,wenthandinhand.ProtestantsintheUnitedStatesTheBaptistsarethelargestprotestantgroupToday,theMajorityofAmericans(60%)belongtotheprotestantchurch●IntheUnitedStates,theyhavetheirmainstrength.Withover25millionmembers(19.4%ofthepopulation)dividedamongmorethan20branchesandconcentra

8、tedparticularlyintheSouthernBibleBelt.●Maindenominationsofthe