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1、外文资料原文ANewLow-TemperatureSynthesisRouteofMethanol:CatalyticEffectoftheAlcoholicSolvent1.IntroductionGas-phasemethanolisbeingproducedindustriallyby30-40milliontonperyeararoundtheworld,fromCO/CO2/H2atatemperaturerangeof523-573Kandapressurerangeof50-100bar,usingcopper
2、-zinc-basedoxidecatalyst.Undertheseextremereactionconditions,theefficiencyofmethanolsynthesisisseverelylimitedbythermodynamicsasmethanolsynthesisisanextremelyexothermicreaction.1,2Forexample,at573Kand50bar,itiscalculatedbythermodynamicsthattheoreticmaximumone-passC
3、Oconversionisaround20%forflow-typereactorwhenH2/CO=2.Alsoitisreportedthattheone-passCOconversionintheindustrialICIprocessisbetween15and25%,evenifH2-richgasisused(H2/CO=5,523-573K).3Therefore,developingalow-temperatureprocessformethanolsynthesis,whichwillgreatlyredu
4、cetheproductioncostandutilizethethermodynamicadvantageatlowtemperature,ischallengingandimportant.3Ifconversionishighenoughinmethanolsynthesis,recyclingoftheunreactedsyngascanbeomittedandaircanbeuseddirectlyinthereformer,insteadofpureoxygen.Generally,low-temperature
5、methanolsynthesisisconductedintheliquidphase.TheBNLmethodfirstreportedbyBrookhavenNationalLaboratory(BNL),usingaverystrongbasecatalyst(mixtureofNaH,acetate),realizedthiscontinuousliquid-phasesynthesisinasemi-batchreactorat373-403Kand10-50bar.However,aremarkabledraw
6、backofthisprocessisthatevenatraceamountofcarbondioxideandwaterinthefeedgasorreactionsystemwilldeactivatethestronglybasiccatalystsoon,4,5resultinginhighcostcomingfromthecompletepurificationofthesyngasfromreformer,andreactivationofthedeactivatedcatalyst.Thisisthemain
7、reasonstoppingthecommercializationofthislow-temperaturemethanolsynthesismethod.Liquid-phasemethanolsynthesisfrompureCOandH2viatheformationofmethylformatehasbeenwidelystudied,wherecarbonylationofmethanolandsuccessivehydrogenationofmethylformatewereconsideredastwomai
8、nstepsofthereaction.6-1317外文资料原文Palekaretal.usedapotassiummethoxide/copperchromitecatalystsystemtoconductthisliquid-phasereactioninasemi-batchrea
