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时间:2018-07-11
《【步步高】2015届高中英语外研版(通用)【配套word文档】:语法专题五 定语从句》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。
1、专题五 定语从句◆定语从句的考查要点1.功能:相当于形容词,修饰名词或代词,在句中作定语。2.位置:定语从句置于被修饰词之后。Thosewhoarefortheplanraiseyourhands,please.3.先行词:被定语从句修饰的词称为先行词。先行词一般是名词和不定代词,如:some,any,every和no与body,thing的合成词;或all,none,any,some,that,those等代词。数词也可以作先行词,人称代词也同样可作先行词。4.关系词:连接先行词与从句的词叫关系词。关系代词:who
2、,whom,which,that,whose,as等关系副词:when,where,why等5.确定关系词的步骤:(1)先找先行词,看先行词指的是什么。(2)看关系词在从句中所充当的成分。注意:先行词与关系词是等量关系。(1)先行词在从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的数由先行词而定。Thisistheplacewhichisworthvisiting.(2)关系词在从句句子中充当了成分,其意思就是先行词的意义,所以在从句中不能重复其意。Therearemanyplaceswecanvisit(them)inChina.6
3、.在定语从句中,当先行词指物时,下列情况的关系词宜用that而不用which:(1)当先行词是序数词或形容词最高级或被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时。(2)先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much,theonly,thevery,few等修饰时。(3)先行词为all,much,little,none,few,something,anything等不定代词时。(4)先行词中既有人又有物时。Hewaslookingpleasantlyatthechildrenandparcelsthatfi
4、lledhisbus.(5)先行词在主句中作表语时。Thevillageisnolongertheonethatwas5yearsago.(6)当主句是以which开头的特殊疑问句时。Whicharethebooksthatyouboughtforme?7.宜用which而不用that的情况:(1)在非限制性定语从句中。(2)在关系词前有介词时。(3)当先行词本身是that时。(4)关系词后有插入语时。8.关系词who与that指人时,也有不同情况分别用不同的关系词。(1)当主句是therebe句型时,关系词用who
5、。(2)先行词是anyone,those,someone,everyone,one等词时,关系词用who。(3)当主句是who作疑问词时,关系词用that。Whoisthatgirlthatisstandingbythewindow?(4)whom在从句中只作宾语,可被who取代。9.whose作关系词既指人又指物,在从句中作定语。DoyouknowMr.Smithwhosestoryisverymoving?Thereisaroom,whosewindowfacestheriver.10.关系代词as在从句中作主语
6、、宾语和表语。(1)先行词被such和thesame修饰,或句型asmany(much)中,从句都用as引导。Suchbooksasyouboughtareuseful.Theschoolisjustthesameasitwas10yearsago.注意:①such...that...引导结果状语从句。如:Theyaresuchlovelychildrenthatwelovethemmuch。②thesame...that...引导定语从句。如:Iwanttousethesametoolthatyouusedjust
7、now.(2)无先行词的定语从句用as和which引导。区别:①意义上:as含有“这点正如……一样”。②位置上:as从句可置句首,也可在另处。Hedidn’tpasstheexam,aswehadexpected.Thereislotsofairinloosesnow,whichcankeepthecoldout.Asisknown,theearthisround.题组训练1用适当的关系代词填空1.Theprizewillgotothewriterwhosestoryshowsthemostimagination.2
8、.TedcamefortheweekendwearingonlysomeshortsandaTshirt,whichisastupidthingtodoinsuchweather.3.Ihavethreeforeignteachers,twoofwhomarefromCanada.4.Sheshowedthevisitorsaroundthem
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