直接引语和间接引语互换的原则

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1、直接引语和间接引语互换的原则直接引语间接引语人称Iweheorshethey时态（在主句是过去时的条件下）一般现在时现在进行时一般过去时现在完成时一般将来时过去完成时过去进行时canmaymust一般过去时过去进行时过去完成时过去完成时过去将来时不变不变couldmighthadto指示代词thisthesethatthose时间状语nowthismorningtoday/tonightYesterdaylastmonth(week/year…)thedaybeforeyesterdayagotomorrownextmonth(week/year…)thedayafter

2、tomorrowthenthatmorningthatday/thatnightthedaybeforethemonth(week/year…)beforetwodaysbeforebeforethenext(following)daythenext(following)month(week/year…)intwodays地点状语herethere动词comebringgotake直接引语和间接引语互换的方法：I.主句是一般现在时，在转换成间接引语时，需做人称转换，而指示代词，时间状语，地点状语，动词，时态不必转换。（1）直接引语是陈述句。Hesays:”Iamtired

3、now.”----Hesays(that)heistirednow.（2）引语是一般疑问句，在变间接引语时要把一般疑问句改成陈述句式，在前面加上if或whether。Heasks:”Isitfinetoday?”----Heasksifitisfinetoday.Theteacheraskshim:”Willyoubebacktoday?”Theteacheraskshimwhetherhewillbebacktoday.（3）如果直接引语是特殊疑问句，变为间接引语，仍用原来的疑问词，但要把原来的疑问句语序改成陈述句语序。Marysays:”Whowantstodoit?

4、”Maryaskswhowantstodoit.Heasks:”Mary,whichgroupareyoudoingtotake?”HeasksMarywhichgroupsheisgoingtotake.II．主句是一般过去时，则须进行相应的变动。（1）直接引语是陈述句。Hesaid:”Igetonwellwiththepeoplehere.”Hesaid(that)hegotonwellwiththepeoplethere.Johnsaidtome:”Youcanhandinyourhomeworktomorrow.”Johntoldme(that)Icouldhan

5、dinmyhomeworkthenextday.（1）直接引语是一般疑问句。Hesaid:”Areyoubusynow?”---HeaskedifIwasbusythen.Sheasked:”Doyouwantmetocomenextweek?”SheaskedwhetherIwantedhertogothenextweek.（2）直接引语是特殊疑问句。Heasked:”Whatareyoudoing?”---HeaskedmewhatIwasdoing.Heasked:”Whoisthemannearthewindow?”Heaskedwhothemannearthew

6、indowwas.注意：1)直接引语为客观真理时，间接引语时态不变，仍用一般现在时。例如：Teachersaidtous,“Themoonmovesroundtheearth.”Teachertoldusthemoonmovesroundtheearth.Theteachersaidtous,“Lighttravelsfasterthansound.”Theteachersaidthatlighttravelsfasterthansound.2)直接引语为一般过去时并且与具体时间状语连用时，间接引语仍用一般过去时。例如：Shesaid,“IwenttoEnglandin1

7、998.”ShesaidshewenttoEnglandin1998.3)主句为一般现在时或一般将来时的时候，间接引语时态不变。Hesays,“Iboughtyouabookyesterday.”Hesaysthatheboughtmeabookyesterday.句式上的变化注意：转述问句时后面用陈述句语序。1)陈述句变间接引语时，用that连接,that无实际意义，可省略。例Lanasaid,“IammadatMarcia.”Lanasaid(that)shewasmadatMarcia.Hesaid,“Wearegood