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1、附录1专业文章英译汉附录1.1英文原文SimpleBeamLayoutThelayoutofasimpleprestressed-concretebeamiscontrolledbytwocriticalsections:themaximummomentandtheendsections.Afterthesesectionsaredesigned,intermediateonescanoftenbedeterminedbyinspectionbutshouldbeseparatelyinvestigatedwhenn
2、ecessary.Themaximummomentsectioniscontrolledbytwoloadingstages,theinitialstageattransferwithminimummomentMGactingonthebeamandtheworking-loadstagewithmaximumdesignmomentMT.Theendsectionsarecontrolledbyarearequiredforshareresistance,bearingplates,anchoragespacing
3、s,andjackingclearances.Allintermediatesectionsaredesignedbyoneormoreoftheaboverequirements,dependingontheirrespectivedistancesfromtheabovecontrollingsections.Acommonarrangementforposttensionedmembersistoemploysomeshape,suchasIorT,forthemaximummomentsectionandto
4、rounditoutintoasimplerectangularshapeneartheends.Thisiscommonlyreferredtoastheendblockforposttensionedmembers.Forpretensionedmembers,producedonalonglineprocess,auniformI,double-T,orcoredsectionisemployedthroughout,inordertofacilitateproduction.Thedesignforindiv
5、idualsectionshavingbeenexplainedinChapters5,6,and7,thegeneralcablelayoutofsimplebeamswillnowbediscussed.Thelayoutofabeamcanbeadjustedbyvaryingboththeconcreteandthesteel.Thesectionofconcretecanbevariedastoitsheight,width,shape,andthecurvatureofitssoffitorextrado
6、s.Thesteelcanbevariedoccasionallyinitsareabutmostlyinitspositionrelativetothecentroidalaxisofconcrete.Byadjustingthesevariables,manycombinationsoflayoutarepossibletosuitdifferentloadingconditions.Thisisquitedifferentfromthedesignofreinforced-concretebeams,where
7、theusuallayoutiseitherauniformrectangularsectionorauniformT-sectionandthepositionofsteelisalwaysasnearthebottomfibersasispossible.Considerfirstthepretensionedbeams,Fig.1Herestraightcablesarepreferred,sincetheycanbemoreeasilytensionedbetweentwoabutments.Letussta
8、rtwithastraightcableinastraightbeamofuniformsection,(a).Thisissimpleasfarasformandworkmanshipareconcened,Butsuchasectioncannotoftenbeeconomicallydesigned,becauseoftheconflic
