现代英国王室的历史简介英文版.doc

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1、英国女王QueenElizabethIIuRealname:ElizabethAlexandraMaryWindsoruBirth:21April1926inLondonuChildren:3sons,1daughterTheRoleoftheMonarchBeforetheEnglishBourgeoisRevolution:(1)Hepersonallyexercisedsupremeexecutive,legislativeandjudicialpower.(2)HemanipulatedtheelectionoftheArchbishop.(3)Hecouldgrantlan

2、dsandwealthtohisfavorites.(4)Hecouldappointhisfollowerstoimportantpositions.(5)Heconferrednobletitles.(6)Hecouldhaveanyonearrested,putintoprisonortodeath.WhatpowersdoestheQueenhave?Superficially,sheis:1)officialheadofstate2)headofthelegalsystemofBritain3)headofthejudiciary3)commander-in-chiefof

3、thearmedforces4)headoftheChurchofEnglandSheappointsthePrimeMinister,ministers,andimportantofficialsandofficers.-----Shepresidesthegreatstatefunctions-----Shegivesmanyimportanthonorsandawards.-----Sheconcludestreatiesanddeclareswar.-----Sheremitsallorpartofthesentencepassedonacriminalbygrantinga

4、‘royalpardon赦免令’.AlesswellknownroleoftheQueen,whichisneverthelessveryimportanttoBritishpolitics,isthatofaconfidantetothePrimeMinister.HerlongexperienceandherpoliticallyneutralitymakeheragoodsourceofinformedobservationonthedaytodayproblemsofgovernanceThecultureoftheUnitedKingdomisrichandvaried,a

5、ndhasbeeninfluentialoncultureonaworldwidescale.ItisaEuropeanstate,andhasmanyculturallinkswithitsformercolonies,particularlythosethatusetheEnglishlanguage(theAnglosphere).ConsiderablecontributionstoBritishculturehavebeenmadeoverthelasthalf-centurybyimmigrantsfromtheIndianSubcontinentandtheWestIn

6、dies.TheoriginsoftheUKasapoliticalunionofformerlyindependentstateshasresultedinthepreservationofdistinctiveculturesineachofthehomenations.LanguageMainarticle:LanguagesintheUnitedKingdomTheUnitedKingdomhasnoofficiallanguage.Englishisthemainlanguageandthedefactoofficiallanguage,spokenmonolinguall

7、ybyanestimated95%oftheUKpopulation.However,somenationsandregionsoftheUKhaveframeworksforthepromotionoftheirautochthonouslanguages.InWales,EnglishandWelsharebothwidelyusedbyofficialdom,andIrishandUlsterScotsenjoylimitedusealongside