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1、中空对柱状冰晶散射特征的影响刘春雷姚克亚(地球和空间科学系,第三世界科学院中国科技大学地球科学和天文学高级研究中心)摘要使用光线跟踪法,对在二维平面和三维空间随机取向的中空六棱柱体的散射相函数进行了计算.三维模式结果显示,一般情况下,固体柱体和中空六棱柱体的散射相函数非常接近,仅当中空六棱柱体的柱壁非常薄时,会产生120°峰值.二维模式结果显示,中空六棱柱体产生的22°和120°峰值随柱壁厚度不同而变化.衍射计算结果表明,粒子内部结构对衍射影响不大,衍射主要受粒子外形大小的影响.关键词柱状冰晶,中空影响,散射特征中图法分类号P422.31第
2、26卷第4期1996年12月中国科学技术大学学报JOURNALOFCHINAUNIVERSITYOFSCIENCEANDTECHNOLOGYVol.26,No.4Dec.1996TheHollowEffectonColumnarIceCrystalScatteringProperties3LiuChunleiYaoKeya(Dept.ofEarthandSpaceSciences,AdvancedCentreforEarthSciencesandAstronomy,USTC,ThirdWorldAcademyofScience)Thepha
3、sefunctionpropertieswereinvestigatedforhollowcolumn2likeicecrys2Abstracttals,usingthegeometricalraytracingtechnique.TheeffectsofhollowcentresonREF(re2flectionandrefraction)anddiffractionofcolumnarcrystalsareinvestigated.Theresultsshowthatforicecrystalsrandomlyorientedinspa
4、ce,therearesmalldifferencesbetweenthesolidandhollowcolumnphasefunctions.Forinstance,whenthesidewallofthehollowcol2umnisverythin,theintensityofthe22°halowillbedecreased,andwhenthehollowradiusisaroundhalfofthetotalcolumnradius,theweak120°peakcanbeseen.Foricecrystalsrandomlyo
5、rientedinthehorizontalplane,thereareobviousdifferencesbetweenthesolidandhollowicecrystals,the22°haloand120°peakvarywiththethicknessofthecrystalsidewall.Someofthesescatteringfeaturesareexplainedgeometrically.Keywordscolumnaricecrystal,holloweffect,scatteringproperties1Intro
6、ductionCirrusandotherhighaltitudecloudswhichcoverabout20%ormoreoftheglobewereiden2tifiedasoneofthemajorunsolvedcomponentsinweatherandclimateresearch1.Duetotheirhighaltitude,itisverydifficulttoconductfieldexperiments.Mostoftheinformationaboutcir2ruscloudscomesfromsatelliteo
7、bservationsandgroundbasedlidarmeasurements2-4.However,theinsitufieldmeasurementsandthelaboratoryexperimentdatashowedthatthecirrusconsistofmostlyirregularlyshapedicecrystals5-6,suchashexagonalsolidandhollowcolumns,plates,needles,bullets,pyramids,differentrimedplatesandcombi
8、nationsofthesesingleicecrystals.Themodelcalculationsofradiationtransferthroughthecirruscl
