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1、马克吐温的演讲策略想必大家都感受过大段大段背诵演讲稿的痛苦吧？美国著名幽默小说家马克·吐温其实也曾有过类似的经历，他是怎么解决的呢？ Whenhefirstbeganhisspeakingcareer,MarkTwainrecalled1),heusedafullpageofnotestokeephimfrom2)gettingmixedup3).Hewouldwritedownthebeginningofkeysentences,totakehimfromonepointtoanotherandtokeephimfromskipping
2、4).Sometimes,foranevening'slecture,hewouldwriteandmemorize11keybeginnings.Theplanfailed.Twainwouldrememberthesentencesallright,butforgettheirorder.Hewouldhavetostop,consult5)hisnotes,andtherebyspoil6)thespontaneous7)effectofthewholespeech.Twainthendecidedtomemorizenotonlykeysente
3、nces,butalsothefirstletterofeachsentence.However,thismethoddidn'tworkeither.Notevenwhenhecutthenumberoflettersto10andinkedthemonhisfingernails. "Ikepttrackof8)thefingersforawhile,"hewroteinhisessay, "thenIlostit,andafterthatIwasneverquitesurewhichfingerIhadusedlas
4、t." Heconsideredlickingoff9)theinkedlettersashewentalong.Asaresult,peoplenoticedheseemedmoreinterestedinhisfingernailsthanhissubject.Oneortwolistenerswouldevencomeupafterwardsandaskwhatwaswrongwithhishands. MarkTwaintriedseveralwaysofmakingspeeches,butallfailed.Thenhi
5、sgreatideacame—thatit'shardtovisualize10)letters,wordsandsentences,butpicturesareeasytorecall.Theytakeroot11)inthemindeasily.Especiallyifyoudrawthemyourself.Twainwasnoartist,mindyou12),butthatdidn'tstophim."IntwominutesImadesixpictureswithapen,"hesaid,"andtheydidtheworkofthe11key
6、sentences,anddiditperfectly."Havingoncedrawnthepictures,hefoundhecouldthrowthemaway.Hediscoveredthat,havingoncemadeaseriesofdrawings,hecouldrecalltheirimageatwill13).Thepictureswerenotsogood,buttheygotthejobdone. Fromthatday,Twainwasabletospeakwithoutnotes,andthismethodneve
7、rfailedhim.Eachpartofhisspeechwouldberepresented14)byapicture.Hewoulddrawthemandputtheminarow15),thenlookatthemandthrowthemaway.Whenthetimecametospeak,therewastherowofimagessharplyinhismind. 马克·吐温回忆说，当他刚开始他的演讲生涯时，他用满满一页的笔记来让自己避免混乱。他会把所有关键句子的开头写下来，使他能从一点讲到另一点，而不会有所遗漏。有时，为某
8、一个晚上的演讲，他会写下并记住11个关键句的开头。这个方法失败了。吐温会准确无误
