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1、AnewinventionofbloodclottinggelAspecialkindofgelwhichcanstimulatetheprocessofbloodclottingwasinventedbyJosephAlexanderLandolina,anAmericaninventorand biomedicalengineerintheyearof2014.Afteritwasreleasedtothepublic,thisinnovationinmedicalscienceishopefultochangeourlif
2、eforbetter.FunctionofthegelComparedtothetraditionalwayofapplyingpressuretostopbleeding,thiskindofnewinventionhasarevolutionaryhighefficiency,especiallyforemergencieslikeacutinfemoralartery.Thegelisactuallymadeupofsomesmartbiomaterials, afterbeingsmearonthewound,itwil
3、lwork withthebody,stopbleedinginafewsecondsandhelpthewoundtohealnormally.MechanismofthegelThemechanismofthisnewinventioncanbecloselyrelatedtothecoagulationsystem.Inthefieldofcoagulation,bloodclottinginhumanincludestwomainstepswhicharetheplateletactivationandthecoagul
4、ationcascade.Tostopbleeding,plateletactivationwillfirsthappensaftertheendotheliumisdamaged,anditleadstothenormallyisolated,underlyingcollagenexposedtocirculatingplatelets,whichwillstimulateaseriesofmoleculestointeractwiththeplatelets.Inthisstep,finally,activatedinteg
5、rinsmediatetightbindingofplateletstotheextracellularmatrix.Thisprocessadheresplateletstothesiteofinjury.Followingtheactivationofplatelet,coagulationcascadeisacontinuousreactionofsecondaryhemostasiswhichhastwoinitialpathways,theintrinsicpathwayandtheextrinsicpathway,t
6、oleadto fibrin formation.Severalcoagulationfactorscooperatesinthetwopathwaysandtheybothactivatethe"finalcommonpathway"offactorX,thrombinandfibrin.Basingonthebiologypathwaysabove,thebloodclottinggeltargetonasubstancewhichisofgreatsignificanceduringtheprocesscalledextr
7、acellularmatrix(ECM). TheECM isactuallythemeshofcomplicatedfibers, proteinsandsugarsthatholdsthecellsinplace, whichvariesindifferentorgans.Thus,theparticularECMinonepartofbodycannotonlyprovidestructureforthetissues, butitalsogivesthecellsahome,allowingthemtofeelwhatt
8、hey'redoing, wheretheyare,andtellsthem howtoactandhowtobehave.Asaresult,ifamaterialcanreassembleintotheparticularECMinthewoundedare
