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1、WaterMargin/Shuihuzhuan水滸傳TheWaterMargin/Shuihuzhuan水滸傳TheoldestfullypreservedversionofTheWaterMargindatefromtheearlyyearsoftheWanliperiod(1573-1620),althoughafewchaptersstillsurvivefromanearlieredition(ca.1550).TheWaterMarginisattributedtoShiNai’an施耐庵,ofwhoselifenothingisreliablyknown.Th
2、enovelissaidtohavebeenrevisedbyLuoGuanzhong羅貫中(theauthorofRomanceoftheThreeKingdoms),butithasalsobeenclaimedthatLuocollaboratedwithShiduringtheoriginalwriting.Originalversion:100chaptersTheWaterMargin/Shuihuzhuan水滸傳Thefoundationofthebookisfromindividualstoriesofheroesinthecorruptperiodoft
3、heSongDynasty.Suchstoriesarepopularamongthestory-tellersfromYuantoMingDynasty.Thestoriesaredevelopedintotheirmaturedversionbyvariousgenerations,andtheyarewell-knownamongthecommonpeople.Basedonthesepopularstories,theauthorofTheWaterMarginarrangesthesepopularstories,addingnewelementsandsucc
4、essfullyproducesagreatnovel.TheWaterMarginThenovelcentersaroundthetalesofthenoblerobbersintheLiangshanMarshes梁山泊underSongJiang’s宋江leadership.Thereissomehistoricaltruthinthismaterial.Intheearlyyearsofthe12thcenturyagangledbyacertainSongJiangisknowntohaveoperatedindistrictsnearKaifeng.Later
5、,numeroustalesofdifferentorigincametobeassociatedwiththeexploitsofthisgang.TheWaterMarginEventuallythebandcomestocomprise,asidefromtherankandfile,36mainand72secondaryheroesandheroines,eachwithhisorheruniquebackground.TheStoryThefirsthalfofthenoveltellsthestoriesofthevariousindividualheroe
6、s.Inonecaseafteranother,mostofthehero,havingrebelledagainstiniquityandinjustice,findshimselfbeyondthepaleofthecorruptestablishedsocietyandisforcedintoalifeofbanditryinLiangshanMarshes.Thestory,thus,describesindetailtheeverydaylifeofvariouspeopleatthattime.TheStoryThesecondhalfconcernsthea
7、ctivitiesofthegangasawhole.Thegangcanbeconsideredasasmallcommunity,anditcontainsvariouspeopletoformaself-contentsociety.Therearestoriesthatwhenthegangneedsacertainperson,theysetuptrickstoforcethatpeopletojointhegroup.Astheimperialtroopsareunabletosubduethebandits,th
