英语国家概况笔记

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1、TheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland英国的历史分四部分:1.TheOriginsofaNation2.TheShapingoftheNation3.TransitiontotheMordernAge4.TheRiseandFalloftheBritishEmpireHistoryofUKEarlysettlers->RomanBritain->Anglo-Saxons->theVikingandDanishInvations->theNorman

2、ConquestNormanRule->theGreatCharter->theHundredYears'WarwithFrance->theBlackdeathandthepeasantuprisingtheEnglishReformation->ElizabethI->theEnglishRenaissance->JamesI->CharlesI->theCivilWar->thecommonwealth->theGloriusRevolutionTwoparties(WhigsandTories)-

3、>Agriculturalchanges->theIndustrialRevolution->theChartistMovement->TradeunionsandtheLabourParty->ColonialExpansion->inthetwoWorldWarsChapter1LandandPeople第一部分：DifferentNamesforBritainanditsParts1.选择题/简答题：TheofficialnameoftheUnitedKingdomistheUnitedKingdo

4、mofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland2.选择题/简答题：TheBritishIslesaremadeupoftwolargeislands-GreatBritain(thelargerone)andIreland,andhundredsofsmallones.TherearethreepoliticaldivisionsontheislandofGreatBritain：England,ScotlandandWales3.简答题：Whydopeopletendtouse"En

5、gland"and"English"whentheymean"Britain"and"British"?Englandisthelargest,mostpopulousandgenerallyspeakingtherichestsection.Sopeopletendtouse“England”and“English”whentheymean“Britain”and“British”.4.名词解释：theCommonwealthofNations或theBritishCommonwealthTheComm

6、onwealthisafreeassociationofindependentcountriesthatwereoncecoloniesofBritain.Membernationsarejoinedtogethereconomicallyandhavecertaintradingarrangements.TheCommonwealthhasnospecialpowers.。第二部分：GeographicalFeatures1.选择题/简答题：Britainisanislandcountry.Itissu

7、rroundedbythesea.ItliesinthenorthAtlanticOceanoffthenorthcoastofEurope.2.选择题/简答题：BritainisseparatedfromtherestofEuropebytheEnglishChannelinthesouthandNorthSeaintheeast.3.名词解释/简答题：TheEnglishChannelbetweenEnglandandFranceisquitenarrowandthenarrowestpartisca

8、lledtheStraitsofDover,whichisonly33kmacross.4.名词解释：ChunnelChunnelstandsforchannelandtunnelwhichwascutundertheStraitsofDover.WithitEnglandandFrancejointogetherbyroad.The“Chunnel”wasopentotrafficinMay1994.5.选择题/简答题：Th