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1、中国畜牧业农户散养的发展和趋势农业经济评论01.1NoAf476—5O2)中国畜牧业农户散养的发展和趋势DevelopmentsandTrendsinHouseholdAnimalRaisingPracticeinChina:ASurveyReport摘要由于畜牧业农户散养在中国畜牧业生产中占据极其重要的位置,了解畜牧业农户散养在中国的发展趋势对研究中国饲料粮市场有重要意义.根据在几个地区的农户抽样调查数据,本文研究了畜牧业的农户散养规模,饲料构成,饲料来源和饲养效率.文章最后总结了研究发现的政策
2、含义.关键词畜牧业农户散养饲料JEL分类:Q12,Q13,D13AbstractDuetothedominantroleofhouseholdanimalraisinginChina'sani—malproduction,animprovedunderstandingofhouseholdanimalraisingpracticesisessentialtostudyChina'sfeedgrainmarkets.Ruralhouseholdsurveyswereeondue—tedinsever
3、alregionsinChinatoexamineissuesrelatedtohouseholdanimalraisingpracticessuchasanimalraisingscale,feedcomposition,sourcesoffeedandfeed—ingefficiency.Thispaperreportsthefindingsfromthesesurveys.Implicationsofthesurveyfindingsarediscussed.Keywolrl~AnimalH
4、usbandry,HouseholdAnimalRaising,FeedJEL:Q12,Q13,D13TherearethreekindsofanimalraisingpracticesinChina:(1)verysmall—scaletradi—tionalhouseholdbackyardammalraising;(2)specialisedanimalraisinghouseholds;and(3)①Zhang—YueZhou,DirectorofAsianAgribusinessRese
5、archCenter,TheUniversityofSydney,OrangeNSW2800,Australia,Email:zzhou@orange.usy&edu.au,andWe
6、_MingTiaI1,ProfessOrofCollegeofEconomicsandManagement,ChinaAgriculturalUniversity,Beijing,China100094,Email:tianwm@sino.com;Tspaperispartoftheproject,Chin
7、gsRegionalFeedgrainMarkets:DevelopmentandProspects,fundedbytheGrainsResearchandDevelopmentCorporation(GRDC)inAustralia.Xi'anLiu,researchfellowofAsianAgribusinessResearchCenter,TheUniversityofSydney,OrateN2800,Australia.?476?ChinaAgriculturalEconomic20
8、03Vo1.1No.4『4larger—scaleanimalfeedlots.Theformertwooccupyanimportantshare.Forexample,in1998,about95ofChinasporkwasproducedbytheformertwoanimalraisingpractices.Baekyardanimalraisingaloneproducedsome80oftotalporkproduction(QietaL1999.P.2).Althoughthesh
9、areofanimalproductionbybackyardanimalraisinghasbeendeclininginthepastyears,thesharebyspecialisedanimalraisinghouseholdsisincreasing(N0RHS1998;Qieta1.1999,P.2).Hencethetotalshareofproductionbythesetwopracticeshasremainedatasimilarlevelinthepast
