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1、TheCivilRightsMovementisthatAfricanAmericansagainstracialdiscriminationandoppression,political,economicandsocialequalityfortherightsofthemassstrugglesinthemid-20thcentury,50to60mid-race.AfricanAmericans,thelargestminorityintheUnitedStates,weresufferingfromlong-termra
2、cialdiscrimination.ColoredAsianandAfricancountries'victoryinthestrugglefornationalindependenceafterWorldWarII,theprogressofindustrializationandlargenumbersofblackscomingintothecitiescausedthedevelopmentofmovement.MainEventsIn1954,U.S.SupremeCourtclaimedthatschoolsint
3、heBoardofEducationwhichinsistedracialdiscriminationwereillegal.In1955,inAlabama,Montgomery,blackcitizenstookfullstrikeagainstthebussegregationofblackandwhite.In1960,peoplegenerallycarriedoutsittinginpublicplacesinsouthernstates,showingthattherangeofmotionisbeyondthel
4、imitsofacity.In1961and1962,thefocusofthecivilrightsmovementwereopposedtotheapartheidsystemandthecoachforSouthernblackstovote.In1963twentyfiftythousandpeoplegottogethertofightagainstapartheidandtheU.S.civilrightsleaderMartinLutherKingdeliveredthefamousspeech"IHaveaDre
5、am"asthepeakofthecivilrightsmovementinLincolnMemorialSquareinWashington.Movementculminatedin1963.April,inthemostsegregatedBirmingham,Alabama,protestsbrokeouttheblackstruggle,forcingtheauthoritiestoacceptblacksrequirements.August,heldinWashington,thecity'slargestdemon
6、strationever,25millionblackandwhitesympathizersheldjobsandfreedomfor"freetoenter."Greatpressureinthecivilrightsmovement,theU.S.Congressin1964throughthe"CivilRightsAct,"passedin1965,"ElectionRightsAct,"officiallythroughlegislationbytheendofAfricanAmericansinthevotingr
7、estrictionsandvariouspublicfacilitiesinracialdiscriminationandapartheid.After1964,theblackmovementtooktotheroadofarmedstruggleuprising.（Meiguoheirenminquanyundong）20世纪50年代中期至60年代中期美国黑人反对种族歧视和种族压迫，争取政治经济和社会平等权利的大规模斗争运动。美国黑人是美国人数最多的少数民族，长期受到种族歧视，处于社会最底层。第二次世界大战后亚非国家有色人
8、种争取民族独立斗争的胜利的鼓舞以及由于工业化的进展，大批黑人流入城市，使黑人地位问题成为全国性问题，是运动兴起的重要原因。1954年,美国最高法院声称学校教育委员会坚持认为种族歧视是非法的。1955年，阿拉巴马州蒙哥马利市黑人为反对公共汽车上的种族隔离制度。（坚
