医学英语病理学 pathology

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1、病理学pathology器官病理学organpathology细胞病理学cellularpathology超微病理学ultrastructuralpathology分子病理学molecularpathology分子免疫学molecularimmunology分子遗传学moleculargenetics细胞核nucleus活组织检查biopsy核浓缩karyopyknosis核碎裂karyorrhexis核溶解karyolysis核仁nucleolus自噬体autophagosome粘附分子adhesionmolecule髓鞘样结构myelinfigure地衣红orcein线粒体mito

2、chondrion高尔基体Golgiapparatus溶酶体lysosome吞噬溶酶体phagolysosome过氧化物酶体peroxisome肌动蛋白actin玻璃样小体Mallory小体肥大hypertrophy增生hyperplasia萎缩atrophy化生metaplasia变性degeneration细胞水变性hydropicdegeneration脂肪变性fattydegeneration玻璃样变性hyalinedegeneration纤维素样变性fibrinoiddegeneration粘液样变性mucousdegeneration淀粉样变性amyloiddegenera

3、tion骨化性肌炎myositisossificans脂质小体liposome粘液水肿myxedema含铁血黄素hemosiderin铁蛋白ferritin胆红素bilirubin高胆红素血症hyperbilirubinemia脂褐素lipofuscin黑色素melanin坏死necrosis渐进性坏死necrobiosis凝固性坏死coagulationnecrosis干酪样坏死caseousnecrosis,caseation液化性坏死liquefaction坏疽gangrene凋落apoptosis机化organization包裹encapsulation钙化calcificat

4、ion损伤的修复修复repair再生regeneration不稳定细胞libilecells稳定细胞stablecells永久细胞permanentcells癌基因oncogene细胞分裂周期基因celldivisioncyclegene细胞生长因子cellgrowthfactors抑素chalone表皮生长因子epidermalgrowthfactor,EGF血小板源性生长因子plateletderivedgrowthfactor,PDGF纤维母细胞生长因子fibroblastgrowthfactor,FGF转化生长因子transforminggrowthfactor肉芽组织gran

5、ulationtissue胶原纤维collagenousfiber纤维粘连蛋白fibronectin层粘连蛋白laminin氨基多糖glycosaminoglycan蛋白多糖proteoglycan瘢痕组织scartissue创伤愈合woundhealing肉芽组织exuberantgranulation一期愈合healingbyfirstintention痂下愈合healingunderscab局部血液循环及体液循环障碍充血hyperemia动脉性充血arterialhyperemia静脉性充血venoushyperemia淤血congestion槟榔肝arecaseedliver海

6、蛇头caputmedusae出血hemorrhage血肿hematoma淤点petechia淤斑ecchymosis血栓thrombus白色血栓palethrombus延续性血栓propagatingthrombus透明血栓hyalinethrombus再通recanalization静脉石phlebolith栓塞embolism栓子embolus血栓栓塞thromboembolism羊水栓塞amnioticfluidembolism缺血ischemia梗死infarct贫血性梗死anemicinfarct出血性梗死hemorrhagicinfarct败血性梗死septicinfarc

7、t水肿edema积水hydrops全身性水肿anasarca腹水ascites胸腔积水hydrothorax心包积水hydropericardium免疫病理免疫损伤immuneinjury变态反应allergicreaction超敏反应hypersensitivity1型变态反应，过敏反应anaphylaxis速发型超敏反应immediatehypersensitivity趋化因子chemotacticfactor,CF白细胞三烯leucotr