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1、测量学习题（Measurementlearningproblem）Two.Janeanswers1,whatarethebasicprinciplesofmeasurementwork?Whyfollowtheseprinciples?Inthelayout,fromlocaltothewhole;precision,fromhightolow;theprocedure,fromcontroltoSuibu,andstepbysteptocheck.Thepurposeistopreventtheaccumulationoferrorsandtoensuretheaccuracyofthe
2、error.2,howisthescaleaccuracydefined?What'sthefunction?Answer:scaleaccuracyisequalto0.1(mm),whichisthedenominatorvalueofascale.Itisusedtodeterminethemeasuringaccuracyofthedistanceatthetimeofplotting.Forexample,take=500,thescaleaccuracyis50mm=5cm,mapping1:500scaletopographicmap,thedistancemeasureme
3、nterrorshouldbelessthan5cm.4.Whataretheaxesofthemicrotiltinglevel?Circularlevelshaft-verticalshaft-pipelevelshaft-collimationaxis--.5.Whatarethecharacteristicsofcontourlines?Theelevationofthepointsonthesamecontourlineisequal.Thecontourisaclosedcurve,notinterrupt(curveexcept),ifnotinthesamemapisclo
4、sed,itwillintheothermapintheadjacentclosed.Contourlineswillonlyoverlaporintersectatsteepcliffsorcliffs.Thecontourchangesdirectionwhenitpassesthrougharidgeorvalley,sotheridgelineandvalleylineintersectverticallywiththetangentofthecontourlineinthedirectionofchange.Inthesamepictureofthebasictopographi
5、cmapfromthehigh,flatcontourfromsaidgroundslopeissmall;thecontourfromtheflatsmallsaidgroundslope;thehorizontaldistanceisequaltothesameslope.Thecontourlineofaninclinedplaneisasetofequalandparallellines.6,whydolevelingrequirementsequalhorizon?Thelevelofthecollimatorisnotparalleltothehorizontalaxisoft
6、hepipe.Theangleiscalledtheangle.Whenthedistanceofeachstationisequal,theanglehasequalinfluenceonthefrontandrearviewreadings,andthesymbolsarethesame,sotheheightdifferencecanbecounteracted.7,withaleftrightwheeltakinganaverageoftheobservationswhichcaneliminatetheinstrumenterror1)alidadeeccentricdeviat
7、ion2)collimationaxisisnotperpendiculartothehorizontalaxiserrorof3)errorofhorizontalandverticalaxisisnotperpendiculartotheverticalindexerror4)8,whatarethecharacteristicsofsystemerrorsandaccidentalerrors?Thesysteme
