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1、高考英语考前分类强化（四）—健康与医疗关注世界重大问题，关注人类生死存亡问题，提出解决危机的有效办法是高考说理议论文在选材上的另一主要方向。这一节选了六篇文章，进行专题训练，促进相关背景知识的学习，增强本题材文章的阅读语感，为将来考试的实战进行知识上的、素质上的和心理上的准备。（答案见本节最后）Passage1Scratchythroats,stuffynosesandbodyachesallspellmisery,butbeingabletotellifthecauseisacoldorflumaymakeadiff
2、erenceinhowlongthemiserylasts.TheAmericanLungAssociation(ALA)hasissuednewguidelinesoncombatingcoldsandtheflu(流感),andoneofthekeysisbeingabletoquicklytellthetwoapart.That'sbecausetheprescriptiondrugsavailableforthefluneedtobetakensoonaftertheillnesssetsin.Asforcol
3、ds,thesoonerapersonstartstakingover-the-counterremedy,thesoonerreliefwillcome.Thecommoncoldandthefluarebothcausedbyviruses.Morethanvirusescancausecoldsymptoms,whilethefluiscausedbythreeviruses-fluA,BandC.Thereisnocureforeitherillness,buttheflucanbepreventedbythe
4、fluvaccine(疫苗),whichis,formostpeople,thebestwaytofighttheflu,accordingtotheALA.Butifthefludoesstrike,quickactioncanhelp.Althoughthefluandcommoncoldhavemanysimilarities,therearesomeobvioussignstolookfor.Coldsymptomssuchasstuffynose,runnynoseandscratchythroattypic
5、allydevelopgradually,andadultsandteensoftendonotgetafever.Ontheotherhand,feverisoneofthecharacteristicfeaturesofthefluforallages.Andingeneral,flusymptomsincludingfeverandchills,sorethroatandbodyachescomeonsuddenlyandaremoreseverethancoldsymptoms.TheALAnotesthati
6、tmaybeparticularlydifficulttotellwheninfantsandpreschoolagechildrenhavetheflu.Itadvisesparentstocallthedoctoriftheirsmallchildrenhaveflu-likesymptoms.Bothcoldandflusymptomscanbeeasedwithover-the-countermedicationsaswell.However,childrenandteenswithacoldorflushou
7、ldnottakeaspirinforpainreliefbecauseoftheriskofReyesyndrome(综合症),ararebutseriousconditionoftheliverandcentralnervoussystem..Thereis,ofcourse,novaccineforthecommoncold.Butfrequenthandwashingandavoidingclosecontactwithpeoplewhohavecoldscanreducethelikelihoodofcatc
8、hingone.11.Accordingtotheauthor,knowingthecauseofthemiserywillhelpA)shortenthedurationoftheillnessB)thepatientbuymedicineoverthecounterC)thepatientobtaincheaperprescr
