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1、专业好文档Unit1Scienceisakindofknowledgewhichisaveryusefultoolinsolvingthetechnicalproblemsofindustry,agriculture,warfare,andmedicine.Tounderstandthewidthanddepthtowhichsciencecanbeappliedtothematerialandspiritualproblemsthatconfrontindividualsandnationsrequiresanunderstandin
2、gofwhatsciencereallyis.ThewordsciencecomestousfromaLatinword,scire,whichmeans“toknow”.Then,inabroadsense,scienceissimplywhatweknow,thetotalofallhumanknowledge.Butthedefinitionofscienceasallhumanknowledgewouldnotbeaworkableone,foritisobviousthattherearedifferenttypesofkno
3、wledge.Thekindsdifferaccordingtohowtheknowledgewasobtained,andalsoaccordingtowhatframeofexperienceitfits.Whatweknowofthearts,literature,law,religion,andtechnicalknow-how,aremoreorlessseparatefundsofknowledge.Theyhavelittletodowithwhatwecommonlycallscience.Scienceisalsoca
4、llednaturalsciencetodistinguishitfromotherbranchesoflearning.Scienceisconcernedwithnature,thatis,withknowledgeofthecharacteristicsandoperationsofanyandallnaturalthingsandhappenings.Scienceembracesallofnature,andexpressesourbestideasofhownaturalphenomenaarerelatedtoeachot
5、herandaretobeformedintowhatiscalledtheuniverse.Sciencehasmanycharacteristics,andtounderstandwhatscienceisrequiresadetailedexaminationofthesepropertiesandpeculiarities.Anumberofwritershaveassertedthatscienceisreallyonlyamethod—thescientificmethod.Suchadefinitionisanoversi
6、mplification,butitiscertainthatthesciencemethodplaysanimportantroleindeterminingthenatureofscientificknowledge.Unit3Lotsofpeoplepretendthattheyneverreadadvertisements,butthisclaimishardlybelievable.Itisalmostimpossiblenottoreadadvertisementsthesedays.Justthinkwhatfunthey
7、oftenprovide!Imaginewhatabusandrailwaystationwouldbelikewithoutadvertisements?Wouldyouenjoygazinghelplesslyatabankwallwhilewaitingforabusortrain?Wouldyouliketoreadadailypaperclosely-printedwithcolumnsofnews?Acheerful,wittyadvertisementmakessuchadifferencetoadrabwallornew
8、spaper.Wemustnotforget,either,thatadvertisingmakesapositivecontributiontoourpockets.Newspapers,radioort
