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1、专业好文档Unit1Scienceisakindofknowledgewhichisaveryusefultoolinsolvingthetechnicalproblemsofindustry,agriculture,warfare,andmedicine.Tounderstandthewidthanddepthtowhichsciencecanbeappliedtothematerialandspiritualproblemsthatconfrontindividualsandnationsrequiresanunderstandingofwhatsciencere
2、allyis.ThewordsciencecomestousfromaLatinword,scire,whichmeans“toknow”.Then,inabroadsense,scienceissimplywhatweknow,thetotalofallhumanknowledge.Butthedefinitionofscienceasallhumanknowledgewouldnotbeaworkableone,foritisobviousthattherearedifferenttypesofknowledge.Thekindsdifferaccordingto
3、howtheknowledgewasobtained,andalsoaccordingtowhatframeofexperienceitfits.Whatweknowofthearts,literature,law,religion,andtechnicalknow-how,aremoreorlessseparatefundsofknowledge.Theyhavelittletodowithwhatwecommonlycallscience.Scienceisalsocallednaturalsciencetodistinguishitfromotherbranch
4、esoflearning.Scienceisconcernedwithnature,thatis,withknowledgeofthecharacteristicsandoperationsofanyandallnaturalthingsandhappenings.Scienceembracesallofnature,andexpressesourbestideasofhownaturalphenomenaarerelatedtoeachotherandaretobeformedintowhatiscalledtheuniverse.Sciencehasmanycha
5、racteristics,andtounderstandwhatscienceisrequiresadetailedexaminationofthesepropertiesandpeculiarities.Anumberofwritershaveassertedthatscienceisreallyonlyamethod—thescientificmethod.Suchadefinitionisanoversimplification,butitiscertainthatthesciencemethodplaysanimportantroleindetermining
6、thenatureofscientificknowledge.Unit3Lotsofpeoplepretendthattheyneverreadadvertisements,butthisclaimishardlybelievable.Itisalmostimpossiblenottoreadadvertisementsthesedays.Justthinkwhatfuntheyoftenprovide!Imaginewhatabusandrailwaystationwouldbelikewithoutadvertisements?Wouldyouenjoygazin
7、ghelplesslyatabankwallwhilewaitingforabusortrain?Wouldyouliketoreadadailypaperclosely-printedwithcolumnsofnews?Acheerful,wittyadvertisementmakessuchadifferencetoadrabwallornewspaper.Wemustnotforget,either,thatadvertisingmakesapositivecontributiontoourpockets.Newspapers,radioort
