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1、作物学报ACTAAGRONOMICASINICA2014,40(6):1035−1043http://zwxb.chinacrops.org/ISSN0496-3490;CODENTSHPA9E-mail:xbzw@chinajournal.net.cnDOI:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2014.01035稻茬小麦公顷产量9000kg群体钾素积累、分配与利用特性丁锦峰訾妍杨佳凤潘婷封超年朱新开李春燕*彭永欣郭文善扬州大学农学院/江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室/农业部长江中下游作物生理生态与栽培重点开放实验室/扬州大学小麦研究中心,江苏扬州225009摘要:在稻麦两熟制条件下,以扬麦2
2、0为材料,通过基本苗和氮肥施用量、施用时期及比例的调控,建立不同产–2–2量水平群体,研究籽粒产量9000kghm群体钾素积累、分配与利用特性。结果表明,籽粒产量≥9000kghm(超高产)群体钾素吸收高峰期出现在拔节至开花期,吸收的钾素占一生吸收钾素的52%~68%;开花期和成熟期钾素积累–2量均极显著高于<9000kghm(高产)群体。成熟期叶片、茎鞘、颖壳+穗轴和籽粒钾素积累量与籽粒产量均呈极显著线性正相关;花后茎鞘钾素转运量与产量呈极显著线性正相关,颖壳+穗轴钾素转运量与产量呈极显著线性负相关。–2–2超高产群体开花期和成熟期钾素积累量分别为430~450kghm和366~408kg
3、hm;成熟期钾素积累量,茎鞘中最高,–2–2–2–2为244~269kghm,其次是叶片和颖壳+穗轴,分别为46~49kghm和40~46kghm,籽粒中仅为35~46kghm;–2–2花后茎鞘钾素转出量为46~52kghm,颖壳+穗轴钾素积累量为9~17kghm。超高产群体每100kg籽粒的吸钾量–1需达4.57~4.87kg,此时的钾素利用效率为20.56~22.02kgkg,钾收获指数为0.095~0.112。关键词:稻茬小麦;高产;钾素积累、分配与利用PotassiumAccumulation,Distribution,andUtilizationinWheatwithYieldPo
4、-−1tentialof9000kghainRice-WheatRotationSystemDINGJin-Feng,ZIYan,YANGJia-Feng,PANTing,FENGChao-Nian,ZHUXin-Kai,LIChun-Yan,PENG*Yong-Xin,andGUOWen-ShanCollegeofAgriculture,YangzhouUniversity/KeyLaboratoryofCropGeneticsandPhysiologyofJiangsuProvince/KeyLaboratoryofCropPhysi-ology,EcologyandCultivatio
5、ninMiddleandLowerReachesofYangtzeRiverofMinistryofAgriculture/WheatResearchInstitute,YangzhouUni-versity,Yangzhou225009,ChinaAbstract:DifferentpopulationsofwheatcultivarYangmai20wereestablishedintherice-wheatrotationsystembymanagingplantdensityandnitrogenapplicationamount,timingandsplittingratioin2
6、010–2011and2011–2012growingseasons.These–1–1populationsweredividedintohighyield(HY,<9000kgha)andsuperhighyield(SHY,≥9000kgha)groups.Characteristicsofpotassium(K)uptakeandutilizationinbothpopulationgroupswerecomparedtoguidehigh-yieldwheatproductionintherice-wheatrotationsystem.InSHYpopulation,Kabsor
7、ptionfromelongationtoanthesiswasgreaterthanthatofothergrowingperiods,whichaccountedfor52–68%ofthetotalKuptake.TheKaccumulationamountsatanthesisandmaturityweresignifi-cantlyhigherinSHYpopulationthaninHYpopul
