2023年高考英语复习基础知识和基本能力双清专题43 选修一Unit1基础知识复习

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专题43选修一Unit1基础知识复习2023年高考英语一轮复习基础知识+基本能力双清（译林版2020）选修一Unit1基础知识复习：1.单词词组搭配2.短语3.读后续写技巧-动作描写4.练习单词变形词组搭配proben.(不载人)空间探测器；探究；探测仪probevt.&vi.调查;打探，探究aspaceprobe宇宙探测器，太空探测器acorruptionprobe对腐败行为的彻底调查probeinto探究；详尽调查formationn.组成物，形成物；组成，形成；编队，队形formv.（使）形成，（使）产生n.外形(貌)，形状;表格;arockformation一块岩石的结构takeform开始形成（发展）filterv.过滤;筛选filtersthout把某物过滤掉evolvevi.&vt.进化，演化；（使）逐渐形成，逐渐演变evolvementn.发展,进化,演化,演变evolutionn.发展；演变；演化evolve(fromsth)(intosth)从......进化成.........capturevt.俘获，捕获；用武力夺取；夺得，赢得capturesb'simagination/attention引起某人的想象/吸引某人的注意capturesb'sheart赢得某人的心scarceadj.缺乏的，稀少的scarceresources紧缺的资源scarcelyadv.几乎不句型：scarcely…when…=hardly…when…=nosooner…than…一….....就........（北京）股份有限公司

1solelyadv.唯一；单独地soleadj.仅有的；独有的awaitvt.将发生在，将降临到（某人头上）；等候，等待awaitsb等待某人leapn.跳跃，跳高；骤变，激增vt.&vi.跳，跳跃；猛冲，突然做（某事）；骤增过去式：leapt过去分词：leaptleapattheopportunity急忙抓住机会Lookbeforeyouleap.三思而后行altervt.&vi.（使）改变，更改；修改（衣服使更合身）alternativeadj.可供选择的n.可供替代的物alteradress改衣服thrivevi.茁壮成长，蓬勃发展thrivingadj.兴盛的，蓬勃的thriveonsth.乐意做〔别人觉得难做或不乐意做的事〕;〔在其他人看来不利的环境中〕成功enlighteningadj.让人受启发的enlightenv.启发，启迪；开导enlightenmentn.领悟;开导anenlighteninglecture启发性的演讲短语：1.advanceourunderstandingoftheuniverse提高我们对宇宙的认识2.Itisestimatedthat........据估计...........3.Takeacloselookbeneaththewaves仔细地观察海底4.inequalmeasure在同等程度上5.befacinatedby........对........着迷6.Sthremaintobeexpored有待探索7.pavethewayfor.......为......铺平道路8.sparenoefortin........不遗余力做.......（北京）股份有限公司

21.withregardto=withrespectto有关2.Toputitsimply,.............简言之。。。3.Itiswidelythat........人们普遍认为............4.haveaprofoundimpacton...........对..............有深远的影响5.obtainnewsightsinto........获得对..........新的认识读后续写技巧-动作描写通过分解动作使之更具有画面感①Hethankedtheman,tookoverthereinsandledtheponyinmydirection.②Seeingthis,Mr.Rowecameuptohim,croucheddownandaskedinatoneoftendersolicitude,“What’sup?”③Withapangofnervousnessseizinghishearttightly,hestoodinfrontofthedoor,wonderingabouttheoldman’sreactiontobeingdisturbedasecondtime.Finally,hesummonedupallhiscourageandknockedatthedoor.情景1：碰到难题，苦思冥想。Whatacomplicatedanddifficultmathproblem!Onesecond,LittleJohnrestedhischininhishandandfiddledwiththepencil.Thenext,hefidgetedinhisseatandscratchedhisheadoverandoveragain,nothavingthefaintestideahowtoworkitout.情景2：成功爬上山顶。Themagnificentlandscapeunfoldinginfrontofme,asenseofrefreshmentspreadthroughme.Involuntarily,Istretchedoutmyarms,tiltedmyheadandexclaimedindelightatthetopofmyvoice,feelingthecrispbreezeonmyface.鉴赏案例1：请根据所给句子内容，结合原文，续写后面的句子。句子①：Suddenly,aboyranaroundthecornerandcrashedintomebeforeIcouldjumpedoutoftheway.[习作展示和赏析]（北京）股份有限公司

3学生句子1:Asresult,wefelldownandthegiftboxdroppedtotheground.学生句子2:Wefellhardtotheground,andmygiftboxflewfrommyhandsandlandedonthestreetwithathump.【解析】句子1只停留在发生了什么，属于叙述。而句子2我们重重的摔在地上，礼物随之飞出去砰的一声落在地上，则是通过fell,flewfrom,landedon这三个动作来描写杯子掉落的场景。这个句子不仅讲述了事件发生的经过，还给句子加上了声音“withthump”!要使一个平淡的叙述句子转换成一个生动形象的描写句子可以通过分解动作或给句子加上声音，来使描写更具有画面感。添加符合情境的细节描写使之更具有画面感。在人物动作描写之外添加其心理、神态等，有时也可以辅以适当的环境描写。给动作“涂脂抹粉”①Withhisheaddrooping,Johnreluctantlyturnedaround,andslowlyinchedhiswaytohisroom.②Inasobbingvoice,headmittedandregrettedhavingcheatedinthetest.③Withoutamomentaryhesitation,IelbowedmywaythroughthecrowdinthedirectionofLegosectionandallthewaykeptcallingmybrother’sname,anoteofuneasinessinmyvoice.情景3：发现一只受伤的小鸟。Onthegrassaheadlayaswallowwithanoutstretchedwingthatwasobviouslybroken.Seeingthis,LittleBettywalkedswiftlybesidethepoorlittlecreature,stoopeddown,andlifteditinhercuppedhandsgentlyandcarefullyasifholdingapreciousandfragiletreasure.给动作“配上声音”给动作“加上表情”Takingadeepbreath,hesummonedupallhisremainingcourageandgentlyknockedatthedoor.Withaflickerofangerinhiseyes,theoldmanopenedthedoorandsnappedinacoldvoice,“Whycomeagain?!”Timidly,theboystretchedouthishandsandstuffedhisdogfigurineintotheoldman’spalm.“Forme?”askedtheman,confusionregisteringonhisface.Theboynodded,“Ihopeyou’lllikeit.”Eyeslingeringonthefigurine,theman’sfacesoftened,and,muchtotheboy’sastonishment,itcreasedintoafaintsmile.“Thankyou,”utteredtheoldman,hiseyesred-rimmedwithtears.情景4：久别之后回到家。Thefamiliarsightcameintoview. Involuntarily,heclutchedthehandleoftheluggagemore（北京）股份有限公司

4firmlyandquickenedhispacetowardshishome,hisminddriftingtothesurprisedanddelightedexpressiononhismother’sface. Reachingthedoorstep,hepausedtocomposehimself,pushedopenthedoorandexclaimedindelight,“Mum,I’mhome,”withhiseyessparklingwithanticipation.给动作“融入心理”①ButI,consumedwithintenseangerathersuddenappearanceinmydoorway,justcastheranindifferentglance,ignoredherpleadinglookandutterednoword.②TornbetweentheoverwhelmingyearningforthedelicatebootsandthemelancholyforourdepressingChristmas,Icametoahalthalfwaytotheshoestore.情景5：憧憬假期。Withhischininhiscuppedhand,hesattheremotionlessly,allhismindonwheretospendthelong-anticipatedholiday.Actually,allthesedayshehadbeenrackinghisbrainstofigureoutaplan. Thenallofasudden,hehadanidea—howaboutgoingtothebeachforrelaxation? “Yes,that’sit!”hewhisperedtohimself,hislipscurvingintoabeamingsmile.给动作“添上环境”①Anxiouslystrainingmyeyes,Iscannedthetoystore,buthewasnowheretobefound.Outside,thunderandlightningcontinued;inside,chaoticnoiseranginmyears.Deepanxietydominatingme,Iwasonthevergeoftearsandstoodrootedinblackness,hopelessandhelpless.②Worsestill,whenthefiredieddown,thewholewildernesswasenvelopedinpitchdarkness,withnooneinsight.Whatkeptuscompanywasthechillwindthatruthlesslywhippedmyface,graduallydevouringthelastbitoftheremaininghopeinmyheart.情景6：得知被心仪的大学录取。TheAdmissionLetterclutchedtightlyinmyhand,Ijumpedupanddownwithundisguisedexcitement.Tired,Ilaydownonthegrassandhummedmylittletunealongwiththebirds’twittering.Thebreeze,thoughabitcool,blewintomyheart,dispellingtheanxietythathadhauntedmeforalongtime.鉴赏案例2：请比较以下两句话，哪句话更符合例1中的情境。1:Whenwegottotheapartment,weploppeddownonchairs.Theairfeltwarmer,andtheroomseemedbrighter.（北京）股份有限公司

52:Whenwegottotheapartment,weploppeddownonchairs.Theairfroze,andtheroomseemeddarkerthanitsupposedtobeatdusk.【解析】句2更符合。解析：回到家后，我和Aide生气的坐在椅子上。此刻，我们的心情应该是沉重的。仔细阅读句子1、2,不难发现，句子2更符合当时的情景。我们俩因为心爱的礼物被撞碎了，又伤心又难过。此时空气犹如凝固了一般，整个家看起来比往日显得更加沉闷了。可见，添加符合情境的环境描写能使描写更具画面感。写作案例3：请用描写的方式将下句话中的省略部分补充完整。"Itisn'tfair!Whydidthathappen？"Aidencried.Hislowerliptrembled…____________________________________________________________________【答案】"Itisn'tfair!Whydidthathappen?"Aidencried.Hislowerliptrembled,hiseyeswerefilledwithtearsandhishandsshook.【解析】Aiden哭了，后面一串省略号可以添加符合情境的人物细节描写来凸显一个哭泣、伤心的人。比如说他的下嘴唇颤抖着，他的眼里充满泪水，他的双手颤抖，他的心如死水等，从而构建了一个立体的画面感。单元练习单词拼写1.Somefishhavebothmaleandfemaleorganstoincreasethechancesofr.2.Fisharesosatthesedepthsthatitcanbedifficultforthemtofindamate.3.Becauseofexcessivehumandestruction,naturaldisasters,suchas（地质的）eventslikeearthquakes,tsunamisormud-rockflowsarethreateningourhomes.4.Ifwewanttofindexcitingnewlifeformsaswellasunusuallife（组成,构造）,theoceaniswhereweshouldalsobelooking.5.Theycannotrely（只，仅仅）ontheireyesighttosurviveandhaveevolvedfascinatingsurvivalcharacteristics.6.Whoknowswhatwondersstillausinthefuture.7.Similarly,tidalrecordsldowninancientmouthsalsorevealdifferentlengthsofdaysandyearsofpast.8.Surely,astudyoftheinsideofourplanetwouldleadtoexcitingand（让人受启发的）discoveries.（北京）股份有限公司

69.TomandMikehavebeenbest(伙伴)sincetheymovedtothiscity.10.They drifted on the lake, fishing and catching (虾) to get by. 【答案】1.reproduction2.scarce3.geological4.formation5.solely6.await7.laid8.enlighting9.companies10.shrimps（北京）股份有限公司