the civil engineering handbook（second edition）structural reliability

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1、52StructuralReliability52.1IntroductionDefinitionofReliability52.2BasicProbabilityConceptsRandomVariablesandProbabilityDistributions•ExpectationandMoments•JointDistributionandCorrelationCoefficient•StatisticalIndependence52.3AssessmentofReliabilityFundamentalCase•First-OrderSeco

2、nd-MomentIndex•Hasofer–LindReliabilityIndex•ReliabilityEstimatebyFORM•ReliabilityEstimatebyMonteCarloSimulation52.4SystemsReliabilitySystemsinStructuralReliabilityContext•First-OrderProbabilityBounds•Second-OrderProbabilityBounds•MonteCarloSolution•ApplicationstoStructuralSyst

3、ems52.5Reliability-BasedDesignSer-TongQuekLoadandResistanceFactorDesignFormat•CodeCalibrationNationalUniversityofSingaporeProcedure•EvaluationofLoadandResistanceFactors52.1IntroductionTheprincipleaimofstructuraldesignistheassuranceofsatisfactoryperformancewithintheconstraintso

4、feconomy.Aprimarycomplicationtowardachievingthisinpracticeisimperfectexecutionandthelackofcompleteinformation.Theexistenceofuncertaintiesinstructuralengineeringhaslongbeenrecognizedandquantitativelyaccountedforthroughtheuseofsafetyfactorsindesign.Reliabilityanalysis,usingproba

5、bilitytheoryasatool,providesarationalandconsistentbasisfordeterminingtheappropriatesafetymargins(AngandTang,1984).Itssuccessisexhibitedbythenumerousreliability-basedprovisionsdevelopedinrecentcoderevisionstoachieveatargetreliabilityrangeinthedesignofstructuralelements(e.g.,AIS

6、C,ACI,AASHTO).Overthelast20years,researchstudieshavebeencarriedouttoprovidesimilarreliabilityprovisionsatthestructuralsystemslevel,andperhapstheywillhaveamoredirectandsubstantialinfluenceindesignspecificationsoverthenextdecade.Thischapteraimstoprovidethebasicknowledgeforstructur

7、alengineerswhohavelittleexposureinthisfieldandtoserveasaplatformforunderstandingthebasicphilosophybehindreliability-baseddesign.DefinitionofReliabilityReliabilitycanbedefinedastheprobabilisticmeasureofassuranceofperformancewithrespecttosomeprescribedcondition(s).Aconditioncanrefe

8、rtoanultimatelimitstate(suchascollapse)orserviceabilitylimits