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ID:7886836
大小:1.20 MB
页数:29页
时间:2018-03-01
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1、ActaNeuropathol(2010)119:7–35DOI10.1007/s00401-009-0619-8REVIEWAstrocytes:biologyandpathologyMichaelV.Sofroniew•HarryV.VintersReceived:17November2009/Revised:23November2009/Accepted:24November2009/Publishedonline:10December2009ÓTheAuthor(s)2009.Thisarticleispublis
2、hedwithopenaccessatSpringerlink.comAbstractAstrocytesarespecializedglialcellsthatout-Increasingevidencepointstowardsthepotentialofreactivenumberneuronsbyoverfivefold.Theycontiguouslytiletheastrogliosistoplayeitherprimaryorcontributingrolesinentirecentralnervoussyst
3、em(CNS)andexertmanyessen-CNSdisordersvialossofnormalastrocytefunctionsorgaintialcomplexfunctionsinthehealthyCNS.Astrocytesofabnormaleffects.Thisarticlereviews(1)astrocyterespondtoallformsofCNSinsultsthroughaprocessfunctionsinhealthyCNS,(2)mechanismsandfunctionsofr
4、eferredtoasreactiveastrogliosis,whichhasbecomeareactiveastrogliosisandglialscarformation,and(3)waysinpathologicalhallmarkofCNSstructurallesions.SubstantialwhichreactiveastrocytesmaycauseorcontributetospecificprogresshasbeenmaderecentlyindeterminingfunctionsCNSdisor
5、dersandlesions.andmechanismsofreactiveastrogliosisandinidentifyingrolesofastrocytesinCNSdisordersandpathologies.AvastKeywordsAstrocyteReactiveastrogliosisGlialscarmoleculararsenalatthedisposalofreactiveastrocytesisGFAPPathologyCentralnervoussystembeingdefined.
6、Transgenicmousemodelsaredissectingspecificaspectsofreactiveastrocytosisandglialscarformationinvivo.AstrocyteinvolvementinspecificIntroductionclinicopathologicalentitiesisbeingdefined.Itisnowclearthatreactiveastrogliosisisnotasimpleall-or-nonephe-Untilquiterecently,th
7、eprevailingviewregardingthebiol-nomenonbutisafinelygradatedcontinuumofchangesthatogyandpathologyofastrocytesamongthosestudyingoccurincontext-dependentmannersregulatedbyspecificclinicaldisordersandstructurallesionsofthecentralnervoussignalingevents.Thesechangesrangef
8、romreversiblesystem(CNS)wasmostlikelytobethat(1)astrocytesarealterationsingeneexpressionandcellhypertrophywithsupportiveglialcellcomponentsinneuraltissu
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