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1、江苏省石庄高级中学2007届高考英语语法定语从句复习目录第一部分基本知识第二部分高考考点分析第三部分定语从句与其他从句或句型的区分第四部分定语从句与易混句型练与析第五部分真题演练第六部分巩固练习第一部分基本知识定语从句是在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词,而引导定语从句的词叫引导词,有关系代词和关系副词两类。限制性定语从句和主句之间不用逗号分开,修饰主句中的某一个名词或名词词组或代词;非限制性定语从句常用逗号和主句隔开,可以修饰主句中的某一个词,也可修饰整个句子。非限
2、制性定语从句不能用that引导,引导非限制性定语从句的关系词不能省略。表一:总体概念分类指代引导词关系代词人who,whom,that,as事物which,that,as人或物(表所属关系)whose关系副词地点where时间when原因why表二:关系代词的基本用法关系代词指代例句解释who人ThemanwhohelpedyouisMrWhite.在定从中作主语whomThatistheperson(whom/who/that)youwanttosee.在定从中作宾语,可省略whoseHeist
3、hefatherwhosesonstudiesverywellinourclass.在定从中作定语21thatI´mnotthefoolthatyouthoughtmetobe.在定从中作表语asHeissuchalazymanasnobodywantstoworkwith.在定从中作宾语that事物Theonlythingthatwecandoistogiveyousomeadvice.在定从中作宾语whichAdictionaryisausefulbookwhichtellsusthemean
4、ingofwords在定从中作主语whoseHelivesinaroomwhosewindowfacessouth在定从中作定语asItissuchabigstoneasnobodycanlift.在定从中作宾语整句内容Asisknowntoall,heisthebeststudent.在定从中作主语表三:关系副词的基本用法关系代词指代例句解释when时间Wouldyousuggestatimewhenwecanhaveatalk?在定从中作状语where地点Thehousewheretheyli
5、veisnotverylarge.在定从中作状语why原因Thisisthereasonwhyhedidnotcametothemeeting.在定从中作状语第二部分高考考点分析[考点一]考查以that与which引导的定语从句通常只能用that的情况(1)当先行词是不定代词all,few,little,much,something,anything,nothing,everything,none等时。例如:Hisbrotherdid______shecouldtohelphim.A.allwhi
6、chB.allwhatC.allD.which[解析]句中did是及物动词,后缺少宾语,而could后又省略了动词do,所以用all作did的宾语,all后面省略了关系代词that,故答案选[C]。(2)先行词被序数词,形容词的最高级以及被all;any;every;each;few;little;no;some;theonly;thevery,thesame;thelast等修饰时。21例如:Heistheonlystudentthat(who)ispunishedforbreakingthes
7、choolrules.(3)如果两个先行词一个指人,一个指物,应用关系代词that。Thefamouswriterandhisworksthattheradiobroadcasthavearousedgreatinterestamongtheviewers.(4)先行词是who时:Whothathaveseenhimdoesnotlikehim?通常只用which的情况(1)关系代词which引导非限定性定语从句,只能用which。例如:Hersisterhasbecomealawyer,____
8、____shewantedtobe.(05’湖北卷)A.whoB.thatC.whatD.which[解析]先行词lawyer尽管是人,但这儿表示职业,这是一个非限定定语从句,关系代词在句中作宾语,只能用which,不能用that,所以答案选[D]。(2)关系代词which引导非限定性定语从句,指代前面整个句子内容时,只能用which。例如:Jimpassedthedrivingtest,_________surprisedeverybodyintheoffice.(05’浙江卷)