被动语态详解及分类练习(包括句子翻译)

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1、一、被动语态1)被动语态最基本的句型结构是：be+Vp.p（及物动词过去分词）be动词可以随时态人称的变化而变化一、被动语态的用法：　　1.一般现在时的被动语态构成：is/am/are+及物动词的过去分词　　Ourclassroomiscleanedeveryday.　　Iamaskedtostudyhardbymymother.　　Knivesareusedforcuttingthings.　　2.一般过去时的被动语态构成：was/were+及物动词的过去分词　　Anewshopwasbuiltlastyear.　　Dinosaureggswerelaidlonglongago.　　

2、3.现在完成时的被动语态构成：has/have+been+及物动词的过去分词　　Thisbookhasbeentranslatedintomanylanguages.　　Manyman-madesatelliteshavebeensentupintospacebymanycountries.　　4.一般将来时的被动语态构成：will+be+及物动词的过去分词　　Anewhospitalwillbebuiltinourcity.　　Manymoretreeswillbeplantednextyear.　　5.含有情态动词的被动语态构成：情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词　　Youngtr

3、eesmustbewateredoften.　　Yourmistakesshouldbecorrectedrightnow.　　Thedoormaybelockedinside.　　Yourhomeworkcanbehandedintomorrow.　　6.现在进行时的被动语态构成：am/is/are+being+及物动词的过去分词　　UncleWangismendingmybikenow.→　　MybikeisbeingrepairedbyTomnow.　　Theyareplantingtreesoverthere.→　　　　7.不定式的被动语态：to+be+及物动词的过去分词　　T

4、herearetwobookstoberead.→Therearetwentymoretreestobeplanted.练习：1.Theboy______togetsupperreadyafterschoolyesterday．A.weretoldB.istellingC.wastoldD.tells2.Alotofnewroads______builtinthewestofChinaintenyears．A.mustB.willbeC.hasD.have3.Chinese_______bythelargestnumberofpeople.A.speakB.isspeakingC.sp

5、eaksD.isspoken4.Theoldstonebridge___nextweek.A.isgoingtoberebuilt　　B.willberebuildC.aregoingtoberebuilt　 D.willrebuild5.Thecoat___hersister.A.madetoB.weremadeforC.wasmadeforD.wasmadeto2)被动语态中的谓语动词一定要是及物动词原则上，只有及物动词才有被动语态，但是，许多不及物动词加上介词或者副词，变成及物动词短语如lookafter,thinkof,takecareof,workout,laughat等，这

6、时也可有被动语态。此时应注意短语的整体性，即后面的介词或副词不要丢掉。例如：Weshouldspeaktooldpeoplepolitely.Oldpeople________________________politelybyus.Shewilltakegoodcareofthechildren．（变被动语态）Thechildrenwill______________________________byher．1．规则动词的过去分词1）一般情况下栽动词原形后面加–ed2）以不发音e结尾的加-d3）以辅音字母加y结尾的，把y改i加-ed4）以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写该

7、辅音字母在家-edwatch-watchedpractice-practicedstudy-studiedstop-stopeed2.不规则动词的过去分词amhavedo-doneisbeenwrite-writtenarehasgo-gone3）被动语态的疑问式：把第一个助动词提到主语之前,句尾加问号构成。例如：Wherecouldtheygrowthesevegetables？（改为被动语态）Where_____vegetables____