曾版《英国文学史》复习资料

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1、PartOneTheMiddleAgesI.CoverageandDivision1.      TheMiddleAgeslastedfromAnglo-Saxoninvasion(449)totheendoftheWarofRoses.(1485)2.      DivisionoftheMiddleAgesA.TheOldEnglishPeriod(449---1066)B.TheMiddleEnglishPeriod(1066---1485)II.TwoDivisionsoftheMiddleAgesA.ChapterI.TheoldEnglishPeriod(449

2、---l066)1.GeneralBackgrounda.      TheearliestsettlerswereCeltic-speakingBritons,fromwhomtheislandgotitsname-----Britain(landofBritons).b.      RomangeneralJuliusCaesarinvadedBritainin55B.C.TheRomanoccupationendedin410A.D.c.ThethreeGermanictribes---theAngles,TheSaxonsandthttpeJutesinvadedBr

3、itaininthemiddleofthe5thcentury.Bytheendofthe7thcenturythethreetribeswerecombinedintoaUnitedKingdom,England(landofAngles).TheyspokeAnglo-Saxon,orOldEnglish,aderivativeofLowGerman.d.      TheAnglo-Saxonswereaheathenpeople.TheybelievedintheoldmythologyofNorthernEurope.In597St.Augustineandhism

4、onkslandedonKentandEnglandwasChristianizede.DanishVikings(Scandinaviansearobbers)begantoinvadeEnglandfrom787.KingAlfredtheGreatsucceededin.drivingofftheDanes.ThekingstartedtheAnglo-SaxonChronicle.(theKing’scontributiontoliterature).f.      LedbyDukeWilliamtheFrench-speakingNormanscamein1066

5、.TheNormanConquestmarkstheestablishmentoffeudalisminEngland.g.Theformulaofthenationis:theoriginalBritons+Angles+Saxons+Jutes+Danes+Normans→English2.EarlyEnglishLiteraturea.Non-WrittenLiterature1)     EnglishliteraturebeganwiththeAnglo-SaxonSettlementinEngland,buttherewasonlyspokenformoflite

6、rature.2)Englishmythsandlegendswerenotrecordedformanycenturies.E.g.TheAdventuresofKingArthurandHisKnightsoftheRoundTableisaboutaCelticchieftainofthe5thor6thcentury,buttheselegendswerenotwrittendownuntilthe11thcenturyinFranceandwerecirculatedafterthe13thcentury.b.WrittenLiterature1)     Long

7、Poemsa)ThelongpoemswritteninEnglishlanguagearealmostalllost.TheearliestEnglishbookswerewrittendowninmonasteries.b)ItisbelievedthatthefirstlongpoempreservedinEnglishisBeowulf.(afolklegend)(broughttoEnglishbytheAngles)(1)Itsimportance:(a)themostimportantwo