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时间:2021-04-10
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1、CannibalistApproachesLong-standingnotionofthetranslation:inferiortotheoriginalRecentworkintranslationstudieshaschallengedthisnotion,andamajorsourceofthatchallengecomesfromthedomainsofthefearsomecannibals,whichisoriginatedfromBrazil.Onceuponatime,inthe16thcentury,inwhatisnowBrazil,membersofthe
2、TupinambatribedevouredaCatholicpriest,FatherSardinha.ThedevouringofthepriestisnotanillogicalactonthepartoftheTupinamba,andmayevenbesaidtohavebeenanactofhomage.Inthe1920s,agroupofBrazilianwritersreturnedtothatstoryinanattempttorethinktherelationshipwhichLatinAmericanshadwithEurope,forEuropewas
3、regardedasthegreatOriginal,thestartingpoint,andthecolonieswerethereforecopies,or‘translations’ofEurope,whichtheyweresupposedtoduplicate.ThemetaphorofcannibalismisproposedinOswalddeAndrade’sManifestoAntropofago(1928)asawayforwardforBrazilianculture.Thecannibalisticmetaphorintranslationstudiesh
4、ascometobeusedtodemonstratetotranslatorswhattheycandowithatext.Fromthe1960s,withthepoeticalworkofthedeCamposbrothers,themetaphorhasbeenusedbythestrongBraziliantranslation-studiescommunitytostandfortheexperienceofcolonizationandtranslation:thecolonizersandtheirlanguagearedevoured,theirlifeforc
5、einvigoratingthedevourers,butinanewpurifiedandenergizedformthatisappropriatetotheneedsofthenativepeoples.Translation,accordingtoHaraldodeCamposwhoseworkisdiscussedindetailbyElseVieiramaybelikenedtoabloodtransfusion,wheretheemphasisisonthehealthandnourishmentofthetranslator.ForVieira,asatransl
6、ationpractice,cannibalismcanbedefinedasasymbolicandrespectful,evenamorousdevouringoftheST,atransfusionofblood.Feedingontheambivalentpostcolonialrelationbetweenthecentralsourcecultureandtheperipheraltargetculture,cannibalismsimultaneouslyacknowledgesandannihilatestheculturalvaluesofthecentre:“
7、translationisnolongeraone-wayflowfromthesourcetothetargetculture,butatwo-waytransculturalenterprise.”Vieiradefinesthiscannibalistictranslationasaspecificpostcolonialtranslationalaesthetics.WhereasArrojo’sinterestsseemtoliepurelyonthetheoretic
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