写作基本理论与技巧

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1、写作基本理论与技巧1.文章基本结构三段式：beginning,body,conclusion2.段落1）段落构成：topicsentence/TS主题句，developingsentences/DS/Developer/SupportingSentences扩展句/发展句(majorsupportandminorsupport)，concludingsentence/CS结尾句/结论句。e.g.Paragraph1Opportunitiesdonotcomeoften(TS).Theycomeeveryonceina

2、while(DS1).Veryoften,theycomequietlyandgobywithoutbeingnoticed(DS2).Therefore,itisadvisablethatyoushouldvalueandtreatthemwithcare(CS).Paragraph2Diligenceisthekeytosuccess(TS).Itmeanspersistentworkanddoesnotmeanthatwearetoexertourselvesalldayandnightwithoutrest,

3、withoutfoodandwithoutsleep(DS1).Thetruemeaningofdiligenceisthecarefuluseoftimeforthepurposeofimprovement,ortoworkpersistentlywithoutanywasteoftime(DS2).2)段落的一致性段落的一致性要求一个段落只能阐述一个主题思想，即作者只能讨论一个话题或某个话题的一个方面，换主题或讨论阐述问题的另一个方面时，必须另起一段。段落的一致性还要求段落中所有的内容都必须与段落主题思想有关，段

4、内各句都必须支持，发展或服务于段落的中心思想。3)的连贯性段落的连贯性指段落中各句之间内容的组织安排、结构安排、逻辑关系、扩展方法必须条理井然，语义连贯，过渡流畅，结构紧凑，浑然一体。关键是句与句之间要衔接好，要用好过渡连接词。总括归纳类：GenerallyspeakingingeneralTosomeextentInshortAtlastInsummeryPracticallyspeakingObviouslyInmyopinionInbriefTosumupFinallyGenerallyUndoubtedlyI

5、nmyviewInawordToconcludeThereforeAsageneralruleInawayAsformeOnthewholeInconclusion比较、对比类LikewiseOtherwiseInthesamewayOnthecontraryBoth…andRatherthanSimilarlyWhereasIncontrastOntheonehandThesameasInsteadLikeUnlikeHoweverOntheotherhandIncommonButEquallyimportantI

6、nsharpcontrastnevertheless举例、列举类ForexampleTobeginwithThatisFirst,second,thirdSuchasMoreoverForinstanceWhatismoreForonething/anotherFinallyNamelyInadditionAsanexampleNextInthefirst/secondplaceLikeAsacaseinpointAlsoFirstofallThusAsanillustrationbesides原因结果类Becaus

7、e/becauseofOnaccountofForthisreasonThusThereforeAsDuetoAsaresultofConsequentlySoForthereasonForSinceOnthataccountHence让步类AlthoughEventhoughAdmittedlyItistrue…butButAfterallNeverthelessGrantedthatClearlyInspiteofYetOfcourseHoweverthoughstill强调类AnywayEspeciallyEv

8、enworseParticularlyAboveallNodoubtCertainlyIndeedNeedlesstosayTobesureSurelyMoreoftenthannotChieflyInfactOfcourseactuallyMostimportantofall1.缀段成篇最常见的三段式由引言段、发展段和结尾段组成。引言段的开头