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1、如何设计问卷英文课件QuestionnaireDesignObjectivesindesigningquestionnairesTherearetwomainobjectivesindesigningaquestionnaire:Tomaximizetheproportionofsubjectsansweringourquestionnaire—thatis,theresponserate.Toobtainaccuraterelevantinformationforoursurvey.Decidingwha
2、ttoaskTherearethreepotentialtypesofinformation:Informationweareprimarilyinterestedin—thatis,dependentvariables.Informationwhichmightexplainthedependentvariables—thatis,independentvariables.Otherfactorsrelatedtobothdependentandindependentfactorswhichmaydist
3、orttheresultsandhavetobeadjustedfor—thatis,confoundingvariablesWordingofindividualquestionsThewayquestionsarephrasedisimportantandtherearesomegeneralrulesforconstructinggoodquestionsinquestionnaireUseshortandsimplesentencesShort,simplesentencesaregenerally
4、lessconfusingandambiguousthanlong,complexones.Asaruleofthumb,mostsentencesshouldcontainoneortwoclauses.Sentenceswithmorethanthreeclausesshouldberephrased.AskforonlyonepieceofinformationatatimeForexample,“Pleaseratethelectureintermsofitscontentandpresentati
5、on”asksfortwopiecesofinformationatthesametime.Itshouldbedividedintotwoparts:“Pleaseratethelectureintermsof(a)itscontent,(b)itspresentation.”AvoidnegativesifpossibleNegativesshouldbeusedonlysparingly（谨慎地）.Forexample,insteadofaskingstudentswhethertheyagreewi
6、ththestatement,“Smallgroupteachingshouldnotbeabolished,”thestatementshouldberephrasedas,“Smallgroupteachingshouldcontinue.”Doublenegativesshouldalwaysbeavoided.AskprecisequestionsQuestionsmaybeambiguousbecauseawordortermmayhaveadifferentmeaning.Forexample,
7、ifweaskstudentstoratetheirinterestin“medicine,”thistermmightmean“generalmedicine”(asopposedtogeneralsurgery)tosome,butinclusiveofallclinicalspecialties(asopposedtoprofessionsoutsidemedicine)toothers.Anothersourceofambiguityisafailuretospecifyaframeofrefere
8、nce.Forexample,inthequestion,“Howoftendidyouborrowbooksfromyourlibrary?”thetimereferenceismissing.Itmightberephrasedas,“Howmanybookshaveyouborrowedfromthelibrarywithinthepastsixmonthsaltogether?”Ensurethoseyo
