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1、TheAttributiveClause(定语从句)1.定语:定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的,是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子,汉语中常用‘……的’表示。acleverboyTheboilingwaterFallenleavesThemanwhoyouarelookingfor2.定语从句:修饰某一名词或代词的从句。.DoyouknowthemanwhocametoseeXiaoYangthismorning?TheboywhoisreadingisTom.先行词关系代词Hospitalisaplacewheread
2、octorworks.先行词关系副词5.限定性定语从句:对先行词起到修饰限制的作用,使该词的含义更具体,更明确。这类从句不能省掉,否则句子的意义就不完整。6.非限定性定语从句:同主句的关系不十分密切,只是对先行词作附加或补充的说明,不起限制的作用,如果省去,主句的意思仍然清楚完整。这类定语从句在书写时大多用逗号与主句分开。LastweekImetJohn,whoseemedtobeveryexcited.Iwastheonlypersoninmyofficewhowasinvited.二.关系词的分类关系代词2.关系副词关系代词在
3、定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语,常用的关系代词有:that,which,who,whom,whose关系副词在定语从句中作状语,常用的关系副词有:when,where,why二.关系词的分类三.关系代词的基本用法和注意点1.关系代词的基本用法三.1.关系代词的基本用法关系代词指代的先行词充当从句的成分who人主语、宾语whom人宾语which物主语、宾语that人或物主语、宾语、表语whose人或物定语①who指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时,可省略。Theman(who)Italkedwithisourteacher
4、.Apersonwhostealsthingsiscalledathief.②whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语,可省略。Theman(whom)InoddedtoisMr.Li.who,whom③which指物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时,可省略。Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear.Thisrecorder(which)heisusingismadeinJapan.whichHeistheman(that)Itoldyouabout.④that指人或物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语
5、。作宾语时,可省略。Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.that⑤whose指人或物,在定语从句中作定语。不可省略。Weliveinahousewhosewindowsfacesouth.Thisisthelittlegirlwhoseparentswerekilledinthegreatearthquake.whose难用的whoseThehouseismine.Thewindowofthehouseisbroken.Jointhefollowingpairofsentences.Thehousewhosewi
6、ndowisbrokenismine.whose=thehouse’swindowThehouseismine.thewindowofwhichisbrokenofwhichthewindowisbroken2.关系代词的用法注意点(1)that和which都可以指物,但以下5种情况只能用that不能用which。①当先行词中有人又有物时。如:Doyouknowthethingsandpersonsthattheyaretalkingabout?②当先行词为不定代词all,one,few,little,no,some,any,ev
7、erything,nothing,nobody,none等时。如:ThisisallthatIwantfromtheschool.③当先行词被only,just,very,right,last等修饰时。如:ThisistheverybookthatIamlookingforthesedays.④当先行词被最高级修饰时。如:TheTVtoweristhehighestbuildingthathasbeenbuiltinthiscity.⑤当先行词被序数词修饰时。如:ThefirstlessonthatIlearnedwillneve
8、rbeforgotten.(2)that和who都可以指人,但下面两种情况,多用who。(2)用who不用that的情况①先行词为all,anyone,one,ones等时。如:Allwhoheardthenewswereexcited.②先行词为