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1、ColumbiaUniversitywasfoundedin1754asKing'sCollegebyroyalcharterofKingGeorgeIIofEngland.ItistheoldestinstitutionofhigherlearninginthestateofNewYorkandthefiftholdestintheUnitedStates.ControversyprecededthefoundingoftheCollege,withvariousgroupscompetingtodetermineitslocationandreligious
2、affiliation.AdvocatesofNewYorkCitymetwithsuccessonthefirstpoint,whiletheAnglicansprevailedonthelatter.However,allconstituenciesagreedtocommitthemselvestoprinciplesofreligiouslibertyinestablishingthepoliciesoftheCollege.Columbia'sfirsthome:TrinityChurchschoolhouseInJuly1754,SamuelJohn
3、sonheldthefirstclassesinanewschoolhouseadjoiningTrinityChurch,locatedonwhatisnowlowerBroadwayinManhattan.Therewereeightstudentsintheclass.AtKing'sCollege,thefutureleadersofcolonialsocietycouldreceiveaneducationdesignedto"enlargetheMind,improvetheUnderstanding,polishthewholeMan,andqua
4、lifythemtosupportthebrightestCharactersinalltheelevatedstationsinlife."Oneearlymanifestationoftheinstitution'sloftygoalswastheestablishmentin1767ofthefirstAmericanmedicalschooltogranttheM.D.degree.TheAmericanRevolutionbroughtthegrowthofthecollegetoahalt,forcingasuspensionofinstructio
5、nin1776thatlastedforeightyears.However,theinstitutioncontinuedtoexertasignificantinfluenceonAmericanlifethroughthepeopleassociatedwithit.AmongtheearlieststudentsandtrusteesofKing'sCollegewereJohnJay,thefirstchiefjusticeoftheUnitedStates;AlexanderHamilton,thefirstsecretaryofthetreasur
6、y;GouverneurMorris,theauthorofthefinaldraftoftheU.S.Constitution;andRobertR.Livingston,amemberofthefive-mancommitteethatdraftedtheDeclarationofIndependence.Thecollegereopenedin1784withanewname—Columbia—thatembodiedthepatrioticfervorthathadinspiredthenation'squestforindependence.There
7、vitalizedinstitutionwasrecognizableasthedescendantofitscolonialancestor,thankstoitsinclinationtowardAnglicanismandtheneedsofanurbanpopulation,buttherewereimportantdifferences:ColumbiaCollegereflectedthelegacyoftheRevolutioninthegreatereconomic,denominational,andgeographicdiversityofi
8、tsnewstudent
