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1、宾语从句总结(精华)一、宾语从句的概念宾语从句属于名词性从句,在句中作主句的宾语。eg.WeknowMrGreenteachesEnglish.Sheaskediftheseanswerswereright.二、宾语从句三要素引导词(连接词)语序时态*引导词:1.由从属连词that引导的宾语从句2.由从属连词whether,if引导的宾语从句3.由连接代词Who,whom,whose,which,what和连接副词where,how,why,when引导的宾语从句(1)由从属连词that引导的宾语从句:注:that在句中无词汇意义,在从句中不能
2、充当成分,在口语当中往往省略e.g.Ihear(that)hewillbebackinanhour.Hesaid(that)hemissedusverymuch.Theteachertoldus(that)theearthmovesaroundthesun.(1)由从属连词whether,if引导的宾语从句if/whether“是否”,说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。常用在ask,wonder,can(could)youtellme等后。1.Iwanttoknowif(whether)hewillgototheparkwithus.2.Askh
3、imwhether(if)hecancome.3.Iwonderwhetheritisgoingtorainornot.4.Couldyoutellmewhether(if)MrLiliveshere.注:只能用whether不能用if的情况如下:1.在介词后面:I’mthinkingofwhetherweshouldgofishing.Weareworriedaboutwhetheritwillraintomorrow.2.在动词不定式前:Theyaskedmewhethertogoskating.3.当与ornot连用,或提出两种选择时:I
4、don’tknowwhetherhe’sfreeornot.MaryaskedwhetherIwasdoingmyhomeworkornot.Tellmewhetheryou’dliketogoshoppingortidytheroom.4.宾语从句提前时:Whetherthisistrueornot,Ican’tsay.(3)由连接代词Who,whom,whose,which,what和连接副词where,how,why,when引导的宾从代词或副词连接主句和从句,并在从句中担任句子成分,具有一定的意义,不可省略。1.Heaskedwhoco
5、uldanswerthequestion.2.Doyouknowwhomtheyarewaitingfor?3.Heaskedwhosebikewasthebestintheclass.4.Doyouknowwhenwe’llhaveameeting?5.Pleasetellmewhereheis.6.CanyoutellmehowIcangettothestation?7.Couldyoutellmewhythetrainislate?*语序:陈述句语序即:主句+连接词+从句(主+谓+其他成分)Doyouremember_________(他
6、多大岁数)?当从句的原句为以下句子以及what,who作主语时,语序不变:What’swrong?What’sthematter?What’shappening?Whathappened?eg:Idon’tknowwhat’sthematter.Canyoutellmewhoisoverthere?*时态:1、主句用一般现在时,现在进行时或一般将来时等“现在”范畴的时态时,从句的时态根据需要来用,不受主句影响。Iwanttoknowwhattimehegotupthismorning.Hewilltellusthathehasbeenablet
7、olookafterhimself.Theyaresayingthattheyreallylikethiscity.2、主句用过去时,从句用与过去相关的时态。Katesaidtherewasaboxunderthedesk.Theyaskedwhathewasdoingthen.SheaskedwhetherIhadseenherbefore.3.从句说明的是一般真理、客观事实、自然现象、名言时,仍用现在时。Dadtoldusthatitisbettertodothantosay.Hetoldtheboythatthreeandthreeiss
8、ix.Hetoldmetheearthmovesaroundthesun.4.从句中有具体时间状语,即使从句动作发生在主句动作前,仍用一般过去时。Th