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1、..APACitationStyleAPAcitationstylereferstotherulesandconventionsestablishedbytheAmericanPsychologicalAssociationfordocumentingsourcesusedinaresearchpaper.APAstylerequiresbothin-textcitationsandareferencelist.Foreveryin-textcitationthereshouldbeafullcitationinthe
2、referencelistandviceversa.TheexamplesofAPAstylesandformatslistedonthispageincludemanyofthemostcommontypesofsourcesusedinacademicresearch.ForadditionalexamplesandmoredetailedinformationaboutAPAcitationstyle,refertothe PublicationManualoftheAmericanPsychologicalAs
3、sociation andthe APAStyleGuidetoElectronicReferences.Also,forautomaticgenerationofcitationsinappropriatecitationstyle,useabibliographiccitationmanagementprogramsuchas Refworks orEndNote.Youcanfindmoreinformationonthisinour CitationManagement page.ReferenceCitati
4、onsinTextInAPAstyle,in-textcitationsareplacedwithinsentencesandparagraphssothatitisclearwhatinformationisbeingquotedorparaphrasedandwhoseinformationisbeingcited.Examples:WorksbyasingleauthorThelastnameoftheauthorandtheyearofpublicationareinsertedinthetextattheap
5、propriatepoint.fromtheoryonboundedrationality(Simon,1945)Ifthenameoftheauthororthedateappearaspartofthenarrative,citeonlymissinginformationinparentheses.Simon(1945)positedthat WorksbymultipleauthorsWhenaworkhastwoauthors,alwayscitebothnameseverytimethereferenceo
6、ccursinthetext.Inparentheticalmaterialjointhenameswithanampersand(&).ashasbeenshown(Leiter&Maslach,1998).....Inthenarrativetext,jointhenameswiththeword"and."asLeiterandMaslach(1998)demonstratedWhenaworkhasthree,four,orfiveauthors,citeallauthorsthefirsttimetheref
7、erenceoccurs.Kahneman,Knetsch,andThaler(1991)foundInallsubsequentcitationsperparagraph,includeonlythesurnameofthefirstauthorfollowedby"etal."(Latinfor"andothers")andtheyearofpublication.Kahnemanetal.(1991)found Worksbyassociations,corporations,governmentagencies
8、,etc.Thenamesofgroupsthatserveasauthors(corporateauthors)areusuallywrittenouteachtimetheyappearinatextreference.(NationalInstituteofMentalHealth[NIMH],2007)Whenapprop