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1、Lesson1CompressionMembersNewWords1.achieveachievement2.eccentricitycenter,中心;eccentric偏心的；eccentricity偏心，偏心距3.inevitableevitable可避免的avoidable;inevitable不可避免的unavoidable4.truss桁架triangulartruss,rooftruss,trussbridge5.bracingbrace支柱，支撑；bracing,支撑，撑杆6.slender细长，苗条；stout;slenderness7.bu
2、ckle压曲，屈曲；bucklingload8.stockystout9.convincinglyconvince,convincing,convincingly10.stub树桩，短而粗的东西；stubcolumn短柱11.curvature曲率；curve,curvature12.detractordetractdrawortakeaway;divert;belittle，贬低，诽谤；13.convince14.argumentdispute,debate,quarrel,reason,论据（理由）15.crookednesscrook钩状物，v弯曲，cr
3、ooked弯曲的16.provision规定，条款PhrasesandExpressions1.compressionmember2.bendingmomentshearforce,axialforce3.callupon(on)要求，请求，需要4.criticalbucklingload临界屈曲荷载critical关键的，临界的5.cross-sectionalarea6.radiusofgyration回转半径gyration7.slendernessratio长细比8.tangentmodulus切线模量9.stubcolumn短柱10.trial-an
4、d-errorapproach试算法11.empiricalformula经验公式empirical经验的12.residualstress残余应力residual13.hot-rolledshape热轧型钢hot-rolledbar14.lowerbound下限upperbound上限16.effectivelength计算长度80Definition（定义）Compressionmembersarethosestructuralelementsthataresubjectedonlytoaxialcompressiveforces:thatis,thelo
5、adsareappliedalongalongitudinalaxisthroughthecentroidofthemembercrosssection,andthestresscanbetakenasfa=P/A,wherefaisconsideredtobeuniformovertheentirecrosssection.受压构件是仅受轴向压力作用的构件，即：荷载是沿纵轴加在其截面形心上的，其应力可表示为…，式中，假定fa在整个截面上均匀分布。Thisidealstateisneverachievedinreality,however,andsomeecc
6、entricityoftheloadisinevitable.然而，现实中从来都不可能达到这种理想状态，因为荷载的一些偏心是不可避免的。Thiswillresultinbending,butitcanusuallyberegardedassecondaryandcanbeneglectedifthetheoreticalloadingconditioniscloselyapproximated.这将导致弯曲，但通常认为它是次要的，如果理论工况是足够近似的，就可将其忽略。Thiscannotalwaysbedoneifthereisacomputedbendin
7、gmoment,andsituationofthistypewillbeconsideredinBeam-Columns.但这并非总是可行的，如有计算出的弯矩存在时，这种情形将在梁柱理论中加以考虑。Themostcommontypeofcompressionmemberoccurringinbuildingsandbridgesisthecolumn,averticalmemberwhoseprimaryfunctionistosupportverticalloads.在建筑物和桥梁中最常见的受压构件就是柱，其主要功能就是支承竖向荷载。Inmanyinstan
8、cesthesemembersarea
