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1、Lesson1CompressionMembersNewWords1.achieveachievement2.eccentricitycenter,中心;eccentric偏心的;eccentricity偏心,偏心距3.inevitableevitable可避免的avoidable;inevitable不可避免的unavoidable4.truss桁架triangulartruss,rooftruss,trussbridge5.bracingbrace支柱,支撑;bracing,支撑,撑杆6.slender细长,苗条;stout;slenderness7.buckle压曲,
2、屈曲;bucklingload8.stockystout9.convincinglyconvince,convincing,convincingly10.stub树桩,短而粗的东西;stubcolumn短柱11.curvature曲率;curve,curvature12.detractordetractdrawortakeaway;divert;belittle,贬低,诽谤;13.convince14.argumentdispute,debate,quarrel,reason,论据(理由)15.crookednesscrook钩状物,v弯曲,crooked弯曲的16.pro
3、vision规定,条款PhrasesandExpressions1.compressionmember2.bendingmomentshearforce,axialforce3.callupon(on)要求,请求,需要4.criticalbucklingload临界屈曲荷载critical关键的,临界的5.cross-sectionalarea6.radiusofgyration回转半径gyration7.slendernessratio长细比8.tangentmodulus切线模量9.stubcolumn短柱10.trial-and-errorapproach试算法11.
4、empiricalformula经验公式empirical经验的12.residualstress残余应力residual13.hot-rolledshape热轧型钢hot-rolledbar14.lowerbound下限upperbound上限16.effectivelength计算长度80Definition(定义)Compressionmembersarethosestructuralelementsthataresubjectedonlytoaxialcompressiveforces:thatis,theloadsareappliedalongalongitudi
5、nalaxisthroughthecentroidofthemembercrosssection,andthestresscanbetakenasfa=P/A,wherefaisconsideredtobeuniformovertheentirecrosssection.受压构件是仅受轴向压力作用的构件,即:荷载是沿纵轴加在其截面形心上的,其应力可表示为…,式中,假定fa在整个截面上均匀分布。Thisidealstateisneverachievedinreality,however,andsomeeccentricityoftheloadisinevitable.然而,现
6、实中从来都不可能达到这种理想状态,因为荷载的一些偏心是不可避免的。Thiswillresultinbending,butitcanusuallyberegardedassecondaryandcanbeneglectedifthetheoreticalloadingconditioniscloselyapproximated.这将导致弯曲,但通常认为它是次要的,如果理论工况是足够近似的,就可将其忽略。Thiscannotalwaysbedoneifthereisacomputedbendingmoment,andsituationofthistypewillbeconsid
7、eredinBeam-Columns.但这并非总是可行的,如有计算出的弯矩存在时,这种情形将在梁柱理论中加以考虑。Themostcommontypeofcompressionmemberoccurringinbuildingsandbridgesisthecolumn,averticalmemberwhoseprimaryfunctionistosupportverticalloads.在建筑物和桥梁中最常见的受压构件就是柱,其主要功能就是支承竖向荷载。Inmanyinstancesthesemembersarea