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1、EpilepsyGeneralConsiderationsAseizureisasudden,transientdisturbanceofbrainfunction,manifestedbyinvoluntarymotor,sensory,autonomic,orpsychicphenomena,aloneorinanycombination,oftenaccompaniedbyalterationorlossofconsciousness.Aseizuremayoccurafterametabolic,
2、traumatic,anoxic,orinfectiousinsulttothebrain.Repeatedseizureswithoutevidentcausejustifythelabelofepilepsy.GeneralConsiderationsIncidenceisgreatestinearlyandlatelife,withaprevalenceofapproximately3～6‰.Chanceofhavingasecondseizureafteraninitialunprovokedep
3、isodeis30%.Chanceofremissionfromepilepsyinchildhoodis80%.GeneralConsiderationsRecurrencerateafterthewithdrawalofdrugsisabout30%.Idiopathicorgeneticepilepsymostoftenappearsbetweenages4and16yaers.GeneralConsiderationsFactorsadverselyinfluencingrecurrenceinc
4、lude:DifficultyingettingtheseizuresundercontrolNeurologicdysfunctionormentalretardationAgeatonsetunder2yearsAbnormalEEGatthetimeofdiscontinuingmedicationTypeofepilepsyEtiologyGeneticfactorBraindamageanddysmetabolismInbornAcquiredCausativefactorClassificat
5、ionClassifiedbyetiologyIdiopathic(essential)epilepsySymptomatic(secondary)epilepsyCryptogenicepilepsyClassificationClassifiedbyepilepticseizuresPartial(foal,local)seizuresSimplepartialseizures,withoutimpairmentofconsciousnessWithmotorsignsWithsomatosensor
6、yorspecial-sensorysymptomsWithautonomicsymptomsorsignsWithpsychicsymptomsClassificationClassifiedbyepilepticseizuresComplexpartialseizures,withimpairmentofconsciousnessPartialseizuresevolvingtosecondarilygeneralizedseizuresClassificationClassifiedbyepilep
7、ticseizuresGeneralizedseizuresAbsenceseizuresTypicalabsenceAtypicalabsenceMyoclonicseizuresClonicseizuresTonicseizuresTonic-clonicseizuresAtonicseizuresInfantspasm,tonic-spasmUnclassifiedepilepticseizuresClassificationClassificationofepilepsyandepilepsysy
8、ndromesBenignchildrenepilepsywithcentrol-temporalspikeLennox-GastautsyndromeInfantilespaamsJuvenilemyoclonicClinicalmanifestationPartialepilepsyFocalepilepsymayarisefromanintracerebralstructuraldefect,causingmotoror
