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ID:57673422
大小:1.95 MB
页数:41页
时间:2020-08-31
《语言测试与理论.ppt》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、第一章语言测试的性质、目的及类别1.DefinitionoftestingTesting,insubstance,istheobjectiveandstandardizedmeasurementofthecandidate.2.PurposeoflanguagetestingThepurposeoflanguagetestingistomeasurethelanguagecompetenceofacandidate.3.KindsoftestandtestingProficiencytests水平测试Achievementtests成绩测试Diag
2、nostictests诊断测试Placementtests编班测试Kindsoftest:ProficiencytestsProficiencytestsaredesignedtomeasurepeople’sabilityinalanguageregardlessofanytrainingtheymayhavehadinthatlanguage.Thecontentofaproficiencytest,therefore,isnotbasedonthecontentorobjectivesoflanguagecourseswhichpeoplet
3、akingthetestmayhavefollowed.Rather,itisbasedonaspecificationofwhatcandidateshavetobeabletodointhelanguageinordertobeconsideredproficient.Whatdowemeanbytheword‘proficient’?Inthecaseofsomeproficiencytests,‘proficient’meanshavingsufficientcommandofthelanguageforaparticularpurpose
4、.e.g.1)AtestdesignedtodiscoverwhethersomeonecanfunctionsuccessfullyasaUnitedNationstranslator.2)Atestusedtodeterminewhetherastudent’sEnglishisgoodenoughtofollowacourseofstudyataBritishuniversity.Otherproficiencytests,bycontrast,donothaveanyoccupationorcourseofstudyinmind.Forth
5、emtheconceptofproficiencyismoregeneral.e.g.Cambridgeexaminations(FirstCertificationExaminationandProficiencyExamination);TheOxfordEFLexaminations(PreliminaryandHigher)Arethereanyothertestslikethis?Pleasegivesomeexamples.Thefunctionofthesetestsittoshowwhethercandidateshavereach
6、edacertainstandardwithrespecttocertainspecifiedabilities.Suchexaminingbodiesareindependentoftheteachinginstitutionsandsocanbereliedonbypotentialemployersetc.tomakefaircomparisonsbetweencandidatesfromdifferentinstitutionsanddifferentcountries.Despitedifferencesbetweenthemofcont
7、entandlevelofdifficulty,allproficiencytestshaveincommonthefactthattheyarenotbasedoncoursesthatcandidatesmayhavepreviouslytaken.Ontheotherhand,suchtestsmaythemselvesexerciseconsiderableinfluenceoverthemethodandcontentoflanguagecourses.Theirbackwasheffectmaybebeneficialorharmful
8、.AchievementtestsAchievementtestsaredirectlyrelatedtolanguage
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