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1、Lesson4DrivetrainInordertotransmitthepoweroftheenginetotheroadwheelsofamotorcar,adrivetrainisnormallyemployed.Althoughthedetailsofthedrivetrainsvarywidelyindifferenttypesofcars,thegeneralprinciplesarethesameinallcases.为了把发动机的动力传递到机动车车的车轮,通常使用传动系统。尽管在不同类型的汽车上,传动系统的细节有很大不同,但
2、基本的原理都是一样的。inanycase无论如何inallcases在任何情况下ineither(every)case在任何情况下Theclutchisadevicetoengageanddisengagepowerfromtheengine,allowingthevehicletostopandstart.离合器是用来接合或分离发动机动力的装置,允许车辆停止或起动。Apressureplateordrivingmemberisboltedtotheengineflywheelandaclutchplateordrivenmemberisl
3、ocatedbetweentheflywheelandthepressureplate.压盘或主动件用螺栓固定在发动机飞轮上,离合器片或从动件位于飞轮和压盘之间。Theclutchplateissplinedtotheshaftextandingfromthetransmissionorgearboxtotheflywheel,commonlycalledaclutchshaftorinputshaft.离合器片用花键与从传动系或变速箱伸向飞轮的轴(通常称为离合器轴或输入轴)联接。spline词性及解释n.曲线尺,齿条,塞缝片,花键vt.用
4、花键联接,开键槽Whentheclutchandpressureplatearelockedtogetherbyfriction,theclutchshaftrotateswiththeenginecrankshaft.当离合器和压盘由摩擦锁在一起,离合器轴就会随着发动机曲轴旋转。Poweristransferredfromtheenginetothetransmission,whereitisroutedthroughdifferentgearratiostoobtainthebestspeedandpowertostartandkeep
5、thevehiclemoving.动力由发动机传递到传动系,在这里通过采用不同齿轮齿数比以获得最优的速度及功率以起动或使车辆保持运行。1.1thepressureplateThedrivingmemberiscommonlycalledthepressureplate.Itisboltedtotheengineflywheelanditsmainpurposeistoexertpressureagainsttheclutchplate.主动件通常称作压盘。它由螺栓固定在发动机飞轮上,它的主要作用是对离合器片施加压力.Itmustalsobe
6、capableofinterruptingthepowerbyreleasingthepressureontheclutchplate.Thisallowstheclutchplatetostoprotatingwhiletheflywheelandpressureplatecontinuestorotate.它必须能够通过释放离合器片上的压力来切断功率。这允许在飞轮和压盘继续旋转时离合器片停止旋转。Thepressureplateconsistsofaheavymetalplate,coilspringsoradiaphragmsprin
7、g,releaselevers,andacover.压盘由一个厚金属盘、螺旋弹簧或膜片弹簧、分离杠杆以及离合器盖组成。Whencoilspringsareused,theyareevenlyspacedaroundthemetalplateandlocatedbetweentheplateandmetalcover.当使用螺旋弹簧时,它们金属盘上均布,且位于金属盘和离合器盖之间。Thisplacesanevenpressureagainsttheplate,whichinturnpressestheclutchplatetightagain
8、sttheflywheel.Thecoverisboltedtightlytotheflywheelandthemetalplateismovable,duetointernal